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arXiv 1802.05073astro-ph.HE
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银河系中心星团X射线点源的超深Chandra星表

An Ultra-deep Chandra Catalog of X-ray Point Sources in the Galactic Center Star Cluster

Zhenlin Zhu, Zhiyuan Li, Mark R. Morris

摘要:

基于1999年9月至2013年4月对{\it Chandra}的$\sim$ 4.5 Ms观测,我们给出了银河系中心(GC)内500个$\arcsec$($\sim$ 20秒差距)的X射线点源的更新目录,其中包括{ \it核星团}(NSC)。这个超深的数据集提供了前所未有的灵敏度,用于检测GC中的X射线源,低至$1.0\times10^{31}{\rm~erg~s^{-1}}$的固有2- 10 keV光度。在2- 8 keV波段共探测到3619个源,其中$\sim$ 3500为可能的GC源,$\sim$ 1300为新鉴定源。GC源总共占来自检测灵敏度最高的内部250 $\sim$区域的总2- 8 keV通量的20%。利用这一前所未有的微弱X射线源的样本,主要跟踪旧的恒星星族在NSC,我们重新审视全球源的属性,包括长期的变化,累积光谱,光度函数和空间分布。基于等效宽度和相对强度的铁线,我们认为,除了可以说占主导地位的人口的磁性激变变量(CV),非磁性CV的贡献显着的检测源,特别是在较低的光度组。另一方面,X射线源的径向分布与NSC中的恒星质量分布密切相关,但比已知的X射线瞬变要平坦得多,后者可能是爆发中捕获的低质量X射线双星(LMXB)。这与检测到的来源的非常适度的长期变异性一起,强烈表明静止LMXB是一个次要的($\lesssim$几个百分比)群体。

英文摘要:

We present an updated catalog of X-ray point sources in the inner 500$\arcsec$ ($\sim$20 parsec) of the Galactic Center (GC), where the {\it nuclear star cluster} (NSC) stands, based on a total of $\sim$4.5 Ms of {\it Chandra} observations taken from September 1999 to April 2013. This ultra-deep dataset offers unprecedented sensitivity for detecting X-ray sources in the GC, down to an intrinsic 2--10 keV luminosity of $1.0\times10^{31}{\rm~erg~s^{-1}}$. A total of 3619 sources are detected in the 2--8 keV band, among which $\sim$3500 are probable GC sources and $\sim$1300 are new identifications. The GC sources collectively account for $\sim$20\% of the total 2--8 keV flux from the inner 250$\arcsec$ region where detection sensitivity is the greatest. Taking advantage of this unprecedented sample of faint X-ray sources that primarily traces the old stellar populations in the NSC, we revisit global source properties, including long-term variability, cumulative spectra, luminosity function and spatial distribution. Based on the equivalent width and relative strength of the iron lines, we suggest that in addition to the arguably predominant population of magnetic cataclysmic variables (CVs), non-magnetic CVs contribute substantially to the detected sources, especially in the lower-luminosity group. On the other hand, the X-ray sources have a radial distribution closely following the stellar mass distribution in the NSC, but much flatter than that of the known X-ray transients, which are presumably low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) caught in outburst. This, together with the very modest long-term variability of the detected sources, strongly suggests that quiescent LMXBs are a minor ($\lesssim$ a few percent) population.

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