电子和离子通过KATRIN束线的首次传输
First transmission of electrons and ions through the KATRIN beamline
摘要：
卡尔斯鲁厄氚中微子实验（英语：Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino，KATRIN）是一项大规模的实验，通过精确测量氚β衰变的终点光谱，以0.2 eV的灵敏度（90%置信水平）探测绝对中微子质量尺度。这项工作记录了KATRIN调试的几个里程碑：实验束线的完整组装，电子从三个源通过束线成功传输到主探测器，以及离子传输和保留测试。在2016年秋季的First Light调试活动中，光电子在后壁产生，离子由连接到后部的专用离子源产生; 2017年7月，气态Kr-83 m注入KATRIN源部分，并在运输部分部署了冷凝Kr-83 m源。在本文中，我们描述的技术细节的设备和配置为每个测量，并给出第一个结果的源和系统的性能。我们已经成功地实现了从所有四个源的传输，建立了系统的稳定性，并表征了设备的许多方面。
英文摘要：
The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is a large-scale effort to probe the absolute neutrino mass scale with a sensitivity of 0.2 eV (90% confidence level), via a precise measurement of the endpoint spectrum of tritium beta decay. This work documents several KATRIN commissioning milestones: the complete assembly of the experimental beamline, the successful transmission of electrons from three sources through the beamline to the primary detector, and tests of ion transport and retention. In the First Light commissioning campaign of Autumn 2016, photoelectrons were generated at the rear wall and ions were created by a dedicated ion source attached to the rear section; in July 2017, gaseous Kr-83m was injected into the KATRIN source section, and a condensed Kr-83m source was deployed in the transport section. In this paper we describe the technical details of the apparatus and the configuration for each measurement, and give first results on source and system performance. We have successfully achieved transmission from all four sources, established system stability, and characterized many aspects of the apparatus.
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