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arXiv 1802.03414astro-ph.GA
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银盘和恒星晕的共同形成

Co-formation of the Galactic disc and the stellar halo

V. Belokurov, D. Erkal, N. W. Evans, S. E. Koposov, A. J. Deason

摘要:

利用Gaia和SDSS提供的7维测量数据,我们研究了恒星晕的运动学性质。我们证明,晕的速度椭球演化强烈的金属丰度。在低[Fe/H]端,轨道各向异性(径向方向上的运动量与切向方向上的运动量相比)是轻度径向的,0.2<β <0.4。然而,对于[Fe/H]>-1.7的恒星,我们测量到β的极值约为0.9。在所考虑的金属丰度范围内,即-3<[Fe/H]<-1,恒星晕的自旋最小,在20<v_θ(km/s)<30的水平。使用一套宇宙学放大模拟晕的形成,我们推断,观察到的急性各向异性是不一致的矮卫星的连续吸积。相反,我们认为,内晕中的恒星碎片是在银河系盘形成时期(即8 ~ 11 Gyr前)由一颗Mvir>10^10 Msun的卫星在一次重大吸积事件中沉积下来的。激进的晕各向异性是巨大的祖先轨道的戏剧性辐射的结果,被不断增长的圆盘的作用放大。

英文摘要:

Using a large sample of Main Sequence stars with 7-D measurements supplied by Gaia and SDSS, we study the kinematic properties of the local (within ~10 kpc from the Sun) stellar halo. We demonstrate that the halo's velocity ellipsoid evolves strongly with metallicity. At the low [Fe/H] end, the orbital anisotropy (the amount of motion in the radial direction compared to the tangential one) is mildly radial with 0.2<beta<0.4. However, for stars with [Fe/H]>-1.7 we measure extreme values of beta~0.9. Across the metallicity range considered, i.e. -3<[Fe/H]<-1, the stellar halo's spin is minimal, at the level of 20<v_theta (km/s) <30. Using a suite of cosmological zoom-in simulations of halo formation, we deduce that the observed acute anisotropy is inconsistent with the continuous accretion of dwarf satellites. Instead, we argue, the stellar debris in the inner halo were deposited in a major accretion event by a satellite with Mvir>10^10 Msun around the epoch of the Galactic disc formation, i.e. between 8 and 11 Gyr ago. The radical halo anisotropy is the result of the dramatic radialisation of the massive progenitor's orbit, amplified by the action of the growing disc.

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