This is the very first paper to focus on the CR analogue of Yau's uniformization conjecture in a complete noncompact pseudohermitian $(2n+1)$-manifold of vanishing torsion (i.e. Sasakian manifold) which is an odd dimensional counterpart of Kähler geometry. In this paper, we mainly deal with the problem of the sharp dimension estimate of CR holomorphic functions in a complete noncompact pseudohermitian manifold of vanishing torsion with nonnegative pseudohermitian bisectional curvature.
In this paper, we show that there exists a nonconstant CR holomorphic function of polynomial growth in a complete noncompact Sasakian manifold of nonnegative pseudohermitian bisectional curvature with the CR maximal volume growth property. This is the very first step toward the CR analogue of Yau uniformization conjecture which states that any complete noncompact Sasakian manifold of positive pseudohermitian bisectional curvature is CR biholomorphic to the standard Heisenberg group.
In this note, We proved that a compact Sasakian manifold $( M, ξ, η, Φ , g )$ with negative transverse holomorphic sectional curvature must have has a Sasakian structure $( ξ, η , Φ , g )$ with negative transverse Ricci curvature. Similarly, a compact Sasakian manifold with non-positive transverse holomorphic sectional curvature, then the negative first basic Chern class is transverse nef and we have the Miyaoka-Yau type inequality. When transverse holomorphic sectional curvature is quasi-negative, we obtain a Chern number inequality.
Walczak formula is a very nice tool for understanding the geometry of a Riemannian manifold equipped with two orthogonal complementary distributions. Svensson [7] has shown that this formula simplifies to a Bochner type formula when we are dealing with Kähler manifolds and holomorphic (integrable) distributions. Here, with adapted notions as invariant distribution and (contact) holomorphicity, we derive the special form of the Walczack formula on a Sasaki manifold. Then we apply a standard Bochner argument in the study of (contact) holomorphic distributions. Some other applications for (pseudo…
We show that Perelman's W-functional can be generalized to Sasaki-Ricci flow. When the basic first Chern class is positive, we prove a uniform bound on the scalar curvature, the diameter and a uniform $C^1$ bound for the transverse Ricci potential along the Sasaki-Ricci flow, which generalizes Perelman's results Kahler-Ricci flow to the Sasakian setting. We also show that the positivity of transverse of holomorphic bisectional curvature is preserved along the flow, using the methods and the results proved by Bando and Mok in Kahler setting. In particular, we show that the Sasaki-Ricci flow wou…
We extend the notion of (branched) holomorphic Cartan geometry on a complex manifold to the context of Sasakian manifolds. Branched holomorphic Cartan geometries on Sasakian Calabi-Yau manifolds are investigated.
We obtain sharp inequalities involving the Ricci curvature and the scalar curvature for anti-invariant Riemannian submersions from Sasakian space forms onto Riemannian manifolds.
We show that the Hodge numbers of Sasakian manifolds are invariant under arbitrary deformations of the Sasakian structure. We also present an upper semi continuity Theorem for the dimensions of kernels of a smooth family of transversely elliptic operators on manifolds with transversely Riemannian foliations. We use this to prove that the $\partial\bar{\partial}$-lemma and being transversely Kähler are rigid properties under small deformations of the transversely holomorphic structure which preserve the foliation. Finally, we study an example which shows that this is not the case for arbitrary …
Deformations of the Reeb flow of a Sasakian manifold as transversely Kähler flows may not admit compatible Sasakian metrics anymore. We show that the triviality of the (0,2)-component of the basic Euler class characterizes the existence of compatible Sasakian metrics for given small deformations of the Reeb flow as transversely holomorphic Riemannian flows. We also prove a Kodaira-Akizuki-Nakano type vanishing theorem for basic Dolbeault cohomology of homologically orientable transversely Kähler foliations. As a consequence of these results, we show that any small deformations of the Reeb flow…
A Sasakian structure on a manifold is called {\it positive} if its basic first Chern class can be represented by a positive (1,1)-form with respect to its transverse holomorphic CR-structure. We prove a theorem that says that every positive Sasakian structure can be deformed to a Sasakian structure whose metric has positive Ricci curvature. This allows us by example to give a completely independent proof of a result of Sha and Yang [SY] that for every positive integer k the k-fold connected sum of $S^2\times S^3$ admits metrics of positive Ricci curvature.
Let $S$ be a compact Sasakian manifold which does not admit non-trivial Hamiltonian holomorphic vector fields. If there exists an Einstein-Sasakian metric on $S$, then it is unique.
We study the space of Sasaki metrics on a compact manifold $M$ by introducing an odd-dimensional analogue of the $J$-flow. That leads to the notion of critical metric in the Sasakian context. In analogy to the Kähler case, on a polarised Sasakian manifold there exists at most one normalised critical metric. The flow is a tool for texting the existence of such a metric. We show that some results proved by Chen in [7] can be generalised to the Sasakian case. In particular, the Sasaki $J$-flow is a gradient flow which has always a long-time solution minimising the distance on the space of Sasakia…
Tanno [6] provided an algebraic characterization in an almost Hermitian manifold to reduce to a space of constant holomorphic sectional curvature, which he later extended for the Sasakian manifolds as well. In this present paper, we generalize the same characterization in generalized $g.f.f-$manifolds.
First, we prove that indefinite Sasakian manifolds do not admit any screen conformal $r$-null submanifolds, tangent to the structure vector field. We, therefore, define a special class of null submanifolds, called; {\it contact screen conformal} $r$-null submanifold of indefinite Sasakian manifolds. Several characterization results, on the above class of null submanifolds, are proved. In particular, we prove that such null submanifolds exist in indefinite Sasakian space forms of constant holomorphic sectional curvatures of $-3$.
Using as an underlying manifold an alpha-Sasakian manifold we introduce warped product Kaehler manifolds. We prove that if the underlying manifold is an alpha-Sasakian space form, then the corresponding Kaehler manifold is of quasi-constant holomorphic sectional curvatures with special distribution. Conversely, we prove that any Kaehler manifold of quasi-constant holomorphic sectional curvatures with special distribution locally has the structure of a warped product Kaehler manifold whose base is an alpha-Sasakian space form. Considering the scalar distribution generated by the scalar curvatur…
We develop some pluripotential theoretic techniques for the transversally holomorphic foliation of a Sasakian manifold. We prove the convexity of the K-energy along weak geodesics for Sasakian manifolds. This implies that the K-energy is bounded below if a constant scalar curvature structure exists with those metrics minimizing it. More generally, a relative version of the K-energy is convex, and bounded below if there exists a Sasaki-extremal metric, providing an important necessary condition for Sasaki-extremal metrics. Another application is a proof of the uniqueness of Sasaki-extremal metr…
Every compact 3-Sasakian 7-manifold $M$ admits a canonical 2-parameter family of co-closed $\text{G}_2$-structures $φ_{a,b}$ for $a,b > 0$, as well as a foliation by $φ_{a,b}$-associative 3-folds whose leaf space $X$ is a positive quaternion-Kähler 4-orbifold. We prove that associative 3-folds in $(M,φ_{a,b})$ that are ruled by a certain type of geodesic are in correspondence with pseudo-holomorphic curves in the almost-complex 8-manifold $Z \times S^2$, where $Z$ is the twistor space of $X$ equipped with its strict nearly-Kähler structure. As an application, we construct infinitely many topol…
Recent renewed interest in Sasakian manifolds is due mainly to the fact that they can provide examples of generalized Einstein manifolds, manifolds which are of great interest in mathematical models of various aspects of physical phenomena. Sasakian manifolds are odd dimensional counterparts of Kählerian manifolds to which they are closely related. The book of Ch. Boyer and K. Galicki, Sasakian Geometry is both the best introduction to the subject and at the same time it gathers state of the art information and results on these manifolds. However, although the authors are well aware that a Sas…
A version of Lichnerowicz' theorem giving a lower bound of the eigenvalues of the sub-Laplacian under a lower bound on the Sp(1)Sp(1) component of the qc-Ricci curvature on a compact seven dimensional quaternionic contact manifold is established. It is shown that in the case of a seven dimensional compact 3-Sasakian manifold the lower bound is reached if and only if the quaternionic contact manifold is a round 3-Sasakian sphere.
When a complex semisimple group $G$ acts holomorphically on a Kähler manifold $(X,ω)$ such that a maximal compact subgroup $K\subset G$ preserves the symplectic form $ω$, a basic result of symplectic geometry says that the corresponding categorical quotient $X/G$ can be identified with quotient of the zero-set of the moment map by the action of $K$. We extend this to the context of a semisimple group acting on a Sasakian manifold.
This paper mainly focuses on the CR analogue of the three-circle theorem in a complete noncompact pseudohermitian manifold of vanishing torsion being odd dimensional counterpart of Kähler geometry. In this paper, we show that the CR three-circle theorem holds if its pseudohermitian sectional curvature is nonnegative. As an application, we confirm the first CR Yau's uniformization conjecture and obtain the CR analogue of the sharp dimension estimate for CR holomorphic functions of polynomial growth and its rigidity when the pseudohermitian sectional curvature is nonnegative. This is also the fi…
A locally conformally Kähler (LCK) manifold is a complex manifold covered by a Kähler manifold, with the covering group acting by homotheties. We show that if such a compact manifold X admits a holomorphic submersion with positive dimensional fibers at least one of which is of Kähler type, then X is globally conformally Kähler or biholomorphic, up to finite covers, to a Vaisman manifold (i.e. a mapping torus over a circle, with Sasakian fibre). As a consequence, we show that the product between a compact non-Kähler LCK and a compact Kähler manifold cannot carry a LCK metric.
The main technical result of the paper is a Bochner type formula for the sub-laplacian on a quaternionic contact manifold. With the help of this formula we establish a version of Lichnerowicz' theorem giving a lower bound of the eigenvalues of the sub-Laplacian under a lower bound on the $Sp(n)Sp(1)$ components of the qc-Ricci curvature. It is shown that in the case of a 3-Sasakian manifold the lower bound is reached iff the quaternionic contact manifold is a round 3-Sasakian sphere. Another goal of the paper is to establish a-priori estimates for square integrals of horizontal derivatives of …
We prove that every Kaehler metric, whose potential is a function of the time-like distance in the flat Kaehler-Lorentz space, is of quasi-constant holomorphic sectional curvatures, satisfying certain conditions. This gives a local classification of the Kaehler manifolds with the above mentioned metrics. New examples of Sasakian space forms are obtained as real hypersurfaces of a Kaehler space form with special invariant distribution. We introduce three types of even dimensional rotational hypersurfaces in flat spaces and endow them with locally conformal Kaehler structures. We prove that thes…
In this paper, the HyperKahler contact distribution of a 3-Sasakian manifold is studied. To analyze the curvature properties of this distribution, the special metric connection $\bar{\nabla}$ is defined. This metric connection is completely determined by HyperKahler contact distribution. We prove that HyperKahler contact distribution is of constant holomorphic sectional curvatures if and only if its 3-Sasakian manifold is of constant $φ_α$-sectional curvatures. Moreover, it is shown that there is an interesting relation between the sectional curvatures of $φ_α$-planes on $TM$ of metric connect…
For a fat sub-Riemannian structure, we introduce three canonical Ricci curvatures in the sense of Agrachev-Zelenko-Li. Under appropriate bounds we prove comparison theorems for conjugate lengths, Bonnet-Myers type results and Laplacian comparison theorems for the intrinsic sub-Laplacian. As an application, we consider the sub-Riemannian structure of $3$-Sasakian manifolds, for which we provide explicit curvature formulas. We prove that any complete $3$-Sasakian structure of dimension $4d+3$, with $d>1$, has sub-Riemannian diameter bounded by $π$. When $d=1$, a similar statement holds under add…
Let $M^n$ be a complete noncompact K$\ddot{a}$hler manifold of complex dimension $n$ with nonnegative holomorphic bisectional curvature. Denote by $\mathcal{O}$$_d(M^n)$ the space of holomorphic functions of polynomial growth of degree at most $d$ on $M^n$. In this paper we prove that $$dim_{\mathbb{C}}{\mathcal{O}}_d(M^n)\leq dim_{\mathbb{C}}{\mathcal{O}}_{[d]}(\mathbb{C}^n),$$ for all $d>0$, with equality for some positive integer $d$ if and only if $M^n$ is holomorphically isometric to $\mathbb{C}^n$. We also obtain sharp improved dimension estimates when its volume growth is not maximal or…
The classical Hadamard three circle theorem is generalized to complete Kähler manifolds. More precisely, we show that the nonnegativity of the holomorphic sectional curvature is a necessary and sufficient condition for the three circle theorem. As corollaries, two sharp monotonicity formulae for holomorphic functions are derived. Among applications, we derive sharp dimension estimates (with rigidity) of holomorphic functions with polynomial growth when the holomorphic sectional curvature is nonnegative. When the bisectional curvature is nonnegative, this was due to Ni. Also we study holomorphi…
We discuss bases of the space of holomorphic quadratic differentials that are dual to the differentials of Fenchel-Nielsen coordinates and hence appear naturally when considering functions on the set of hyperbolic metrics which are invariant under pull-back by diffeomorphisms, such as eigenvalues of the Laplacian. The precise estimates derived in the current paper form the basis for the proof of the sharp eigenvalue estimates on degenerating surfaces obtained in arXiv:1701.08491.
Let M be a compact locally conformal hyperkaehler manifold. We prove a version of Kodaira-Nakano vanishing theorem for M. This is used to show that M admits no holomorphic differential forms, and the cohomology of the structure sheaf $H^i(O_M)$ vanishes for i>1. We also prove that the first Betti number of M is 1. This leads to a structure theorem for locally conformally hyperkaehler manifolds, describing them in terms of 3-Sasakian geometry. Similar results are proven for compact Einstein-Weyl locally conformal Kaehler manifolds.
We prove the existence of Sasakian-Einstein metrics on infinitely many rational homology spheres in all odd dimensions greater than 3. In dimension 5 we obain somewhat sharper results. There are examples where the number of effective parameters in the Einstein metric grows exponentially with dimension.
We use Dirac operator techniques to establish a sharp lower bound for the first eigenvalue of the twisted Dolbeault Laplacian on holomorphic line bundles over compact Kähler manifolds.
We study a variational problem whose critical point determines the Reeb vector field for a Sasaki-Einstein manifold. This extends our previous work on Sasakian geometry by lifting the condition that the manifolds are toric. We show that the Einstein-Hilbert action, restricted to a space of Sasakian metrics on a link L in a Calabi-Yau cone X, is the volume functional, which in fact is a function on the space of Reeb vector fields. We relate this function both to the Duistermaat-Heckman formula and also to a limit of a certain equivariant index on X that counts holomorphic functions. Both formul…
We prove a sharp lower bound for the Tanaka-Webster holomorphic sectional curvature of strictly pseudoconvex real hypersurfaces that are "semi-isometrically" immersed in a Kähler manifold of nonnegative holomorphic sectional curvature under an appropriate convexity condition. This gives a partial answer to a question posed by Chanillo, Chiu, and Yang regarding the positivity of the Tanaka-Webster scalar curvature of the boundary of a strictly convex domain in $\mathbb{C}^2$ from 2012. In fact, the main result proves a stronger positivity property, namely the $\frac12$-positivity in the sense o…
In this paper, we extend Gang Liu's three circle theorem for Kähler manifolds to almost Hermitian manifolds. As applications of the three circle theorem, we obtain sharp dimension estimates for spaces of holomorphic functions of polynomial growth and rigidity for the estimates, Liouville theorems for pluri-subharmonic functions of sub-logarithmic growth and Liouville theorems for holomorphic functions of Cheng-type, and fundamental theorem of algebra on almost Hermitian manifolds with slightly negative holomorphic sectional curvature. The results are generalization of Liu's results and some of…
Let $(M,h)$ be a Hermitian manifold and $ψ$ a smooth weight function on $M$. The $\partial$-complex on weighted Bergman spaces $A^2_{(p,0)}(M,h, e^{-ψ})$ of holomorphic $(p,0)$-forms was recently studied in [[10] and [9]. It was shown that if $h$ is Kähler and a suitable density condition holds, the $\partial$-complex exhibits an interesting holomorphicity/duality property when $(\bar\partialψ)^{\sharp}$ is holomorphic (i.e., when the real gradient field $\mathrm{grad}_hψ$ is a real holomorphic vector field). For general Hermitian metrics this property does not hold without the holomorphicity …
In this paper, we derive a new monotonicity formula for the plurisuhbarmonic functions on complete Kähler manifolds with nonnegative bisectional curvature. As applications we derive the sharp estimates for the dimension of the spaces of holomorphic functions (sections) with polynomial growth, which in particular, partially solve a conjecture of Yau.
We develop Green's function estimate for manifolds satisfying a weighted Poincare inequality together with a compatible lower bound on the Ricci curvature. The estimate is then applied to establish existence and sharp estimates of the solution to the Poisson equation on such manifolds. As an application, a Liouville property for finite energy holomorphic functions is proven on a class of complete Kähler manifolds. Consequently, such Kähler manifolds must be connected at infinity.
