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arXiv 1801.01426astro-ph.GA
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根据低变红窗口的深HST成像的银河系隆起的恒星形成历史

Star formation history of the Galactic bulge from deep HST imaging of low reddening windows

Edouard J. Bernard, Mathias Schultheis, Paola Di Matteo, Vanessa Hill, Misha Haywood, Annalisa Calamida

摘要:

尽管在过去的几年里,针对银河系隆起进行了大量的光度和光谱研究,但由于确定单个恒星年龄的复杂性和观测条件的困难,其年龄分布仍然存在争议。利用哈勃空间望远镜(HST)最近公布的4个低红化窗口的非常深的、自行清洁的色星等图(CMD),我们用CMD拟合技术计算了短轴上-2度> b >-4度的球核的恒星形成历史(SFH)。我们发现,超过80%的恒星在8 Gyr之前形成,但相当一部分超太阳金属丰度恒星的年龄小于这个年龄。仅考虑当前一代摄谱仪所能观测到的恒星(即V < 21),我们发现10%的核球恒星年龄小于5 Gyr,而在富金属峰中这一比例上升到20- 25%。年龄-金属丰度关系可用线性拟合很好地参数化,表明富集速率为dZ/dt ~ 0.005 Gyr $^{-1}$。我们的金属丰度分布函数准确地再现了Baade窗口的几次光谱调查所观察到的结果,大部分恒星的金属含量在[Fe/H] ~ -0.7到0.6的范围内,还有一个稀疏的尾巴,金属丰度要低得多。

英文摘要:

Despite the huge amount of photometric and spectroscopic efforts targetting the Galactic bulge over the past few years, its age distribution remains controversial owing to both the complexity of determining the age of individual stars and the difficult observing conditions. Taking advantage of the recent release of very deep, proper-motion-cleaned colour--magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of four low reddening windows obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), we used the CMD-fitting technique to calculate the star formation history (SFH) of the bulge at -2deg > b > -4deg along the minor axis. We find that over 80 percent of the stars formed before 8 Gyr ago, but that a significant fraction of the super-solar metallicity stars are younger than this age. Considering only the stars that are within reach of the current generation of spectrographs (i.e. V < 21), we find that 10 percent of the bulge stars are younger than 5 Gyr, while this fraction rises to 20-25 percent in the metal-rich peak. The age-metallicity relation is well parametrized by a linear fit implying an enrichment rate of dZ/dt ~ 0.005 Gyr$^{-1}$. Our metallicity distribution function accurately reproduces that observed by several spectroscopic surveys of Baade's window, with the bulk of stars having metal-content in the range [Fe/H] ~ -0.7 to ~0.6, along with a sparse tail to much lower metallicities.

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