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arXiv 1712.09040cond-mat.mes-hall
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核自旋对二维拓扑绝缘体边缘输运性质的影响

Effects of nuclear spins on the transport properties of the edge of two-dimensional topological insulators

Chen-Hsuan Hsu, Peter Stano, Jelena Klinovaja, Daniel Loss

摘要:

二维拓扑绝缘体边缘沟道中的电子可以描述为螺旋Tomonaga-Luttinger液体。它们通过超精细相互作用耦合到嵌入在主体材料中的核自旋,因此受到核自旋上的弹性自旋翻转背散射。我们调查的核自旋引起的边缘电阻由于这样的背散射进行重整化群分析。值得注意的是,这种背散射机制的效果是强的螺旋边缘比在非螺旋通道,这被认为是存在于平凡的制度的InAs/GaSb量子阱。在具有足够长边缘的系统中,无序的核自旋导致边缘电阻,其在降低温度时呈指数增长。另一方面,来自边缘态的电子介导各向异性的Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida核自旋-自旋相互作用,这诱导了低于转变温度的螺旋核自旋序。我们讨论的螺旋秩序的特点,以及它的实验签名。在有序相,我们确定了两个背散射机制,由于电荷杂质和磁振子。内部产生的磁场允许电荷杂质上的背散射,并导致边缘态的安德森型局域化。磁振子介导的背散射导致幂律电阻,其在零温度下被抑制。总的来说,我们发现,在一个足够长的边缘的核自旋,是否有序,抑制边缘电导为零的温度接近零。

英文摘要:

The electrons in the edge channels of two-dimensional topological insulators can be described as a helical Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid. They couple to nuclear spins embedded in the host materials through the hyperfine interaction, and are therefore subject to elastic spin-flip backscattering on the nuclear spins. We investigate the nuclear-spin-induced edge resistance due to such backscattering by performing a renormalization-group analysis. Remarkably, the effect of this backscattering mechanism is stronger in a helical edge than in nonhelical channels, which are believed to be present in the trivial regime of InAs/GaSb quantum wells. In a system with sufficiently long edges, the disordered nuclear spins lead to an edge resistance which grows exponentially upon lowering the temperature. On the other hand, electrons from the edge states mediate an anisotropic Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida nuclear spin-spin interaction, which induces a spiral nuclear spin order below the transition temperature. We discuss the features of the spiral order, as well as its experimental signatures. In the ordered phase, we identify two backscattering mechanisms, due to charge impurities and magnons. The backscattering on charge impurities is allowed by the internally generated magnetic field, and leads to an Anderson-type localization of the edge states. The magnon-mediated backscattering results in a power-law resistance, which is suppressed at zero temperature. Overall, we find that in a sufficiently long edge the nuclear spins, whether ordered or not, suppress the edge conductance to zero as the temperature approaches zero.

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