In this paper, we consider a vehicular network in which the wireless nodes are located on a system of roads. We model the roadways, which are predominantly straight and randomly oriented, by a Poisson line process (PLP) and the locations of nodes on each road as a homogeneous 1D Poisson point process (PPP). Assuming that each node transmits independently, the locations of transmitting and receiving nodes are given by two Cox processes driven by the same PLP. For this setup, we derive the coverage probability of a typical receiver, which is an arbitrarily chosen receiving node, assuming independent Nakagami-$m$ fading over all wireless channels. Assuming that the typical receiver connects to its closest transmitting node in the network, we first derive the distribution of the distance between the typical receiver and the serving node to characterize the desired signal power. We then characterize coverage probability for this setup, which involves two key technical challenges. First, we need to handle several cases as the serving node can possibly be located on any line in the network and the corresponding interference experienced at the typical receiver is different in each case. Second, conditioning on the serving node imposes constraints on the spatial configuration of lines, which require careful analysis of the conditional distribution of the lines. We address these challenges in order to accurately characterize the interference experienced at the typical receiver. We then derive an exact expression for coverage probability in terms of the derivative of Laplace transform of interference power distribution. We analyze the trends in coverage probability as a function of the network parameters: line density and node density. We also study the asymptotic behavior of this model and compare the coverage performance with that of a homogeneous 2D PPP model with the same node density.
We introduce a general framework for the modeling and analysis of vehicular networks by defining street systems as random 1D subsets of $\mathbb{R}^{2}$. The street system, in turn, specifies the random intensity measure of a Cox process of vehicles, i.e., vehicles form independent 1D Poisson point processes on each street. Models in this Coxian framework can characterize streets of different lengths and orientations forming intersections or T-junctions. The lengths of the streets can be infinite or finite and mutually independent or dependent. We analyze the reliability of communication for d…
This paper analyzes statistical properties of the Poisson line Cox point process useful in the modeling of vehicular networks. The point process is created by a two-stage construction: a Poisson line process to model road infrastructure and independent Poisson point processes, conditionally on the Poisson lines, to model vehicles on the roads. We derive basic properties of the point process, including the general quadratic position of the points, the nearest distance distribution, the Laplace functional, the densities of facets of the Cox-Voronoi tessellation, and the asymptotic behavior of th…
In this letter, we characterize the load on the cellular macro base stations (MBSs) due to vehicular users modeled by a Poisson line Cox process (PLCP). Modeling the locations of MBSs by a homogeneous 2D Poisson point process (PPP), we first characterize the total chord length distribution of the lines of the Poisson line process (PLP) intersecting the typical Poisson Voronoi (PV) cell. Using this result, we derive the exact probability mass function (PMF) of the load on the typical MBS. Considering the computational complexity of this expression, we propose an easy-to-use approximation for th…
We develop an analytical framework to examine the line-of-sight (LOS) coverage area in vehicular networks with roadside units (RSU) and vehicle relays. In practical deployment scenarios, RSUs and vehicle relays are spatially correlated and we characterize this by employing Cox point processes to model the locations of RSUs and vehicle relays simultaneously. Leveraging the random blockage model, we model the LOS coverage area as Boolean models on these Cox point processes. The LOS coverage area is then evaluated by its area fraction. We show that relays can increase the area fraction of LOS cov…
This paper analyzes the performance of a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) modeled as a Cox process, where the spatial layout of the roads is modeled by a Poisson line process (PLP) and the locations of nodes on each line are modeled as a 1D Poisson point process (PPP). For this setup, we characterize the success probability of a typical link and the area spectral efficiency (ASE) of the network assuming slotted ALOHA as the channel access scheme. We then concretely establish that the success probability of a typical link in a VANET modeled using a Cox process converges to that of a 1D and 2D P…
In this paper, we present the downlink coverage and rate analysis of a cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) communication network where the locations of vehicular nodes and road side units (RSUs) are modeled as Cox processes driven by a Poisson line process (PLP) and the locations of cellular macro base stations (MBSs) are modeled as a 2D Poisson point process (PPP). Assuming a fixed selection bias and maximum average received power based association, we compute the probability with which a {\em typical receiver}, an arbitrarily chosen receiving node, connects to a vehicular node or an RSU a…
This paper concerns the performance of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications. More precisely, we analyze the broadcast of safety-related V2X communications in cellular networks where base stations and vehicles are assumed to share the same spectrum and vehicles broadcast their safety messages to neighboring users. We model the locations of vehicles as a Poisson line Cox point process and the locations of users as a planar Poisson point process. We assume that users are associated with their closest base stations when there is no vehicle within a certain distance $ ρ$. On the other hand, u…
Vehicular platooning is a promising way to facilitate efficient movement of vehicles with a shared route. Despite its relevance, the interplay of platooning and the communication performance in the resulting vehicular network (VN) is largely unexplored. Inspired by this, we develop a comprehensive approach to statistical modeling and system-level analysis of VNs with platooned traffic. Modeling the network of roads using the by-now well-accepted Poisson line process (PLP), we place vehicles on each road according to an independent Matern cluster process (MCP) that jointly captures randomness i…
Modeling and Analysis of Sensing Assisted UAV Networks for Urban Vehicular Communications
Central Institute of Technology Kokrajhar（科克拉贾哈尔中央理工学院）；National Institute of Technology Calicut（卡利卡特国家技术学院）；Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur（坎普尔印度理工学院）
To improve the system throughput, this paper proposes a network non-orthogonal multiple access (N-NOMA) technique for the uplink coordinated multi-point transmission (CoMP). In the considered scenario, multiple base stations collaborate with each other to serve a single user, referred to as the CoMP user, which is the same as for conventional CoMP. However, unlike conventional CoMP, each base station in N-NOMA opportunistically serves an extra user, referred to as the NOMA user, while serving the CoMP user at the same bandwidth. The CoMP user is typically located far from the base stations, wh…
Vehicular networks will play an important role in enhancing road safety, improving transportation efficiency, and providing seamless Internet service for users on the road. Reaping the benefit of vehicular networks is contingent upon meeting stringent wireless communication performance requirements, particularly in terms of delay and reliability. In this paper, a dependence control mechanism is proposed to improve the overall reliability of vehicular networks. In particular, the dependence between the communication delays of different vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) links is first modeled. Then, the …
This paper investigates moving networks of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), such as drones, as one of the innovative opportunities brought by the 5G. With a main purpose to extend connectivity and guarantee data rates, the drones require hovering locations due to limitations such as flight time and coverage surface. We provide analytic bounds on the requirements in terms of connectivity extension for vehicular networks served by fixed Enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB) infrastructure, where both vehicular networks and infrastructures are modeled using stochastic and fractal geometry as a model f…
We consider the downlink transmission in a single cell multiple-input multiple-output system, in which the user equipment correspond to a vehicle moving along a given trajectory. This system utilizes millimeter wave channels characterized by multiple non-line-of-sight (NLoS) components. As it has been pointed out in several related works, in such systems radio access network (RAN)-based positioning can effectively improve the positioning accuracy achieved by Global Navigation Satellite Systems. However, the RAN-based positioning accuracy is highly dependent on the quality of the channel estima…
This paper proposes a framework to analyze an emerging wireless architecture where vehicles collect data from devices. Using stochastic geometry, the devices are modeled by a planar Poisson point process. Independently, roads and vehicles are modeled by a Poisson line process and a Cox point process, respectively. For any given time, a vehicle is assumed to communicate with a roadside device in a disk of radius $ ν$ centered at the vehicle, which is referred to as the coverage disk. We study the proposed network by analyzing its short-term and long-term behaviors based on its space and time pe…
This paper analyzes an emerging architecture of cellular network utilizing both planar base stations uniformly distributed in Euclidean plane and base stations located on roads. An example of this architecture is that where, in addition to conventional planar cellular base stations and users, vehicles also play the role of both base stations and users. A Poisson line process is used to model the road network and, conditionally on the lines, linear Poisson point processes are used to model the vehicles on the roads. The conventional planar base stations and users are modeled by independent plan…
