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arXiv 1709.07495cs.LO
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安全性LTL合成的符号方法

A Symbolic Approach to Safety LTL Synthesis

Shufang Zhu, Lucas M. Tabajara, Jianwen Li, Geguang Pu, Moshe Y. Vardi

摘要:

时态综合是一个与环境交互的系统的自动化设计,使用系统行为的声明性规范。提供这种规范的一种流行语言是线性时态逻辑(Linear Temporal Logic,LTL)。然而,一般情况下的LTL合成在实践中仍然是一个难以解决的问题。正因为如此,许多工作都集中在开发特定片段的LTL的合成程序,具有更容易的合成问题。本文主要研究安全LTL,定义它为LTL在否定范式~(NNF)中的Until自由片段,并证明它表示安全LTL公式的一个片段。这个片段的内在动机是观察到,在许多情况下,说某些“好”的事情最终会发生是不够的,我们需要说它何时会发生。我们在这里表明,安全LTL合成是显着简单的算法比LTL合成。我们利用这种简单性在两个方面,首先通过描述一个明确的方法的基础上减少角SAT,这可以解决在线性时间的游戏图的大小,然后通过一个有效的符号建设,允许BDD为基础的符号方法,显着优于现存的LTL合成工具。

英文摘要:

Temporal synthesis is the automated design of a system that interacts with an environment, using the declarative specification of the system's behavior. A popular language for providing such a specification is Linear Temporal Logic, or LTL. LTL synthesis in the general case has remained, however, a hard problem to solve in practice. Because of this, many works have focused on developing synthesis procedures for specific fragments of LTL, with an easier synthesis problem. In this work, we focus on Safety LTL, defined here to be the Until-free fragment of LTL in Negation Normal Form~(NNF), and shown to express a fragment of safe LTL formulas. The intrinsic motivation for this fragment is the observation that in many cases it is not enough to say that something "good" will eventually happen, we need to say by when it will happen. We show here that Safety LTL synthesis is significantly simpler algorithmically than LTL synthesis. We exploit this simplicity in two ways, first by describing an explicit approach based on a reduction to Horn-SAT, which can be solved in linear time in the size of the game graph, and then through an efficient symbolic construction, allowing a BDD-based symbolic approach which significantly outperforms extant LTL-synthesis tools.

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