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arXiv 1709.06016gr-qc
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在后闵可夫斯基引力中两个自旋黑洞的散射,到自旋的所有阶,和有效的单体映射

Scattering of two spinning black holes in post-Minkowskian gravity, to all orders in spin, and effective-one-body mappings

Justin Vines

摘要:

我们证明了在简单映射下,三个不同系统动力学之间的等价性--(i)任意质量比的双自旋黑洞系统,(ii)背景Kerr时空中的自旋测试黑洞,和(iii)Kerr中的测地线运动--当每一个都被考虑在广义相对论的第一后闵可夫斯基(1 PM)近似下时,也就是说,到线性阶$G$,但到$1/c$中的所有阶,到黑洞自旋中的所有阶,以及它们的线性化引力场的多极展开中的所有阶。这是通过计算两个自旋黑洞之间弱引力散射相遇的净结果来实现的,即作为入射状态的函数的黑洞动量和自旋的净$O(G)$变化。结果以非常简单的封闭形式给出,通过求解自旋黑洞的有效Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon型运动方程,结合线性化的爱因斯坦方程,与克尔解进行适当的匹配。散射的结果完全编码规范不变的内容的规范哈密顿在1 PM秩序的双黑洞动力学,通用(未绑定和绑定)的轨道和自旋方向。我们推导出一个这样的哈密顿量,它再现和求和的1 PM部分的所有这些以前的后牛顿的结果,并直接体现了等价的测试体限制通过简单的有效单体映射。

英文摘要:

We demonstrate equivalences, under simple mappings, between the dynamics of three distinct systems---(i) an arbitrary-mass-ratio two-spinning-black-hole system, (ii) a spinning test black hole in a background Kerr spacetime, and (iii) geodesic motion in Kerr---when each is considered in the first post-Minkowskian (1PM) approximation to general relativity, i.e. to linear order $G$ but to all orders in $1/c$, and to all orders in the black holes' spins, with all orders in the multipole expansions of their linearized gravitational fields. This is accomplished via computations of the net results of weak gravitational scattering encounters between two spinning black holes, namely the net $O(G)$ changes in the holes' momenta and spins as functions of the incoming state. The results are given in remarkably simple closed forms, found by solving effective Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon-type equations of motion for a spinning black hole in conjunction with the linearized Einstein equation, with appropriate matching to the Kerr solution. The scattering results fully encode the gauge-invariant content of a canonical Hamiltonian governing binary-black-hole dynamics at 1PM order, for generic (unbound and bound) orbits and spin orientations. We deduce one such Hamiltonian, which reproduces and resums the 1PM parts of all such previous post-Newtonian results, and which directly manifests the equivalences with the test-body limits via simple effective-one-body mappings.

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