Let $K$ be a commutative Noetherian ring with identity, let $A$ be a $K$-algebra, and let $B$ be a subalgebra of $A$ such that $A/B$ is finitely generated as a $K$-module. The main result of the paper is that $A$ is finitely presented (resp. finitely generated) if and only if $B$ is finitely presented (resp. finitely generated). As corollaries we obtain: a subring of finite index in a finitely presented ring is finitely presented; a subalgebra of finite co-dimension in a finitely presented algebra over a field is finitely presented (already shown by Voden in 2009). We also discuss the role of the Noetherian assumption on $K$, and show that for finite generation it can be replaced by a weaker condition that the module $A/B$ be finitely presented. Finally, we demonstrate that the results do not readily extend to non-associative algebras, by exhibiting an ideal of co-dimension $1$ of the free Lie algebra of rank 2 which is not finitely generated as a Lie algebra.
We study important invariants and properties of the Veronese subalgebras of $q$-skew polynomial rings, including their discriminant, center and automorphism group, as well as cancellation property and the Tits alternative.
The structure of subring $J^{Γ\cap Γ^{-1}}$ of the asymptotic Hecke algebra is described for $Γ$ a left cell of the Coxeter group of type $H_4$. A small set of generators is produced. The subalgebras spanned by a subset of the basis ${t_x}_{x\in Γ\capΓ^{-1}}$ are determined.
We describe some interesting graded rings which are generated by degree-3 elements inside the Sklyanin algebra S, and prove that they have many good properties. Geometrically, these rings R correspond to blowups of the Sklyanin P^2 at 7 or fewer points. We show that the rings R are exactly those degree-3-generated subrings of S which are maximal orders in the quotient ring of the 3-Veronese of S.
In this paper we explore minimum odd and minimum even depth sub algebra pairs in the context of double cross products of finite dimensional Hopf algebras. We start by defining factorization algebras and outline how subring depth in this context relates with the module depth of the regular left module representation of the given subalgebra. Next we study minimum odd depth for double cross product Hopf subalgebras and determine their value in terms of their related module depth, we conclude that minimum odd depth of Drinfeld double Hopf subalgebras is 3. Finaly we produce a necessary and suffici…
The universal enveloping algebra $\mathscr{U}$ of a two-dimensional nonabelian Lie algebra $L$ is a Lie algebra itself with the commutator as Lie bracket. There exists a presentation of $\mathscr{U}$ with generators $x,y$ and relation $xy-yx=x$ such that the Lie subalgebra of $\mathscr{U}$ generated by $x,y$ is isomorphic to $L$, which is only a two-dimensional vector subspace of the infinite-dimensional $\mathscr{U}$. Much then of the Lie structure of $\mathscr{U}$ is ubiquitous, yet unexamined when the characteristic of the scalar field is zero. In such a case, we show that there exists a li…
Let $f,g\in Z[X]$ be monic polynomials of degree $n$ and let $C,D\in M_n(Z)$ be the corresponding companion matrices. We find necessary and sufficient conditions for the subalgebra $Z< C,D>$ to be a sublattice of finite index in the full integral lattice $M_n(Z)$, in which case we compute the exact value of this index in terms of the resultant of $f$ and $g$. If $R$ is a commutative ring with identity we determine when $R< C,D>=M_n(R)$, in which case a presentation for $M_n(R)$ in terms of $C$ and $D$ is given.
We give an alternate presentation of the cyclotomic rational Cherednik algebra, which has the useful feature of compatibility with the Opdam-Dunkl subalgebra. This presentation has a diagrammatic flavor, and it provides a simple explanation of several surprising facts about this algebra. It allows direct proof of the connection of category $\mathcal{O}$ to weighted KLR algebras, allows us to classify the simple Dunkl-Opdam modules over the Cherednik algebra and provides an algebraic construction of the KZ functor. Furthermore, one of prime motivations for considering this approach is to provid…
We introduce fusion algebras with not necessarily positive structure constants and without identity element. We prove that they are semisimple when tensored with $\mathbb{C}$ and that their characters satisfy orthogonality relations. Then we define the proper notion of subrings and factor rings for such algebras. For certain algebras $R$ we prove the existence of a ring $R'$ with nonnegative structure constants such that $R$ is a factor ring of $R'$. We give some examples of interesting factor rings of the representation ring of the quantum double of a finite group. Then, we investigate the al…
Let $K$ be a field of characteristic zero, let $σ$ be an automorphism of $K$ and let $δ$ be a $σ$-derivation of $K$. We show that the division ring $D=K(x;σ,δ)$ either has the property that every finitely generated subring satisfies a polynomial identity or $D$ contains a free algebra on two generators over its center. In the case when $K$ is finitely generated over $k$ we then see that for $σ$ a $k$-algebra automorphism of $K$ and $δ$ a $k$-linear derivation of $K$, $K(x;σ)$ having a free subalgebra on two generators is equivalent to $σ$ having infinite order, and $K(x;δ)$ having a free subal…
We define the Drinfeld generators for $Y_3^+$, the twisted Yangian associated to the Lie algebra $\mathfrak{so}_3(\mathbb{C})$. This allows us to define shifted twisted Yangians, which are certain subalgebras of $Y_3^+$. We show that there are families of homomorphisms from the shifted twisted Yangians in $Y_3^+$ to the universal enveloping algebras of various orthogonal and symplectic Lie algebras, and we conjecture that the images of these homomorphisms are isomorphic to various finite $W$-algebras.
Let $K$ denote a field with characteristic 0 and let $T$ denote an indeterminate. We give a presentation for the three-point loop algebra $\mathfrak{sl}_2 \otimes K\lbrack T, T^{-1},(T-1)^{-1}\rbrack$ via generators and relations. This presentation displays $S_4$-symmetry. Using this presentation we obtain a decomposition of the above loop algebra into a direct sum of three subalgebras, each of which is isomorphic to the Onsager algebra.
We solve the problem of extension of characters of commutative subalgebras in associative (noncommutative) algebras for a class of subrings (Galois orders) in skew group rings. These results can be viewed as a noncommutative analogue of liftings of prime ideals in the case of integral extensions of commutative rings. The proposed approach can be applied to the representation theory of many infinite dimensional algebras including universal enveloping algebras of reductive Lie algebras, Yangians and finite $W$-algebras. In particular, we develop a theory of Gelfand-Tsetlin modules for $\gl_n$. B…
The noncommutative (or mixed) trace algebra $T_{nd}$ is generated by $d$ generic $n\times n$ matrices and by the algebra $C_{nd}$ generated by all traces of products of generic matrices, $n,d\geq 2$. It is known that over a field of characteristic 0 this algebra is a finitely generated free module over a polynomial subalgebra $S$ of the center $C_{nd}$. For $n=3$ and $d=2$ we have found explicitly such a subalgebra $S$ and a set of free generators of the $S$-module $T_{32}$. We give also a set of defining relations of $T_{32}$ as an algebra and a Groebner basis of the corresponding ideal. The …
For each n>0, we define an algebra having many properties that one might expect to hold for a Brauer algebra of type Bn. It is defined by means of a presentation by generators and relations. We show that this algebra is a subalgebra of the Brauer algebra of type Dn+1 and point out a cellular structure in it. This work is a natural sequel to the introduction of Brauer algebras of type Cn, which are subalgebras of classical Brauer algebras of type A2n-1 and differ from the current ones for n>2.
Let $q$ be a scalar that is not a root of unity. We show that any polynomial in the Casimir element of the Fairlie-Odesskii algebra $U_q'(\mathfrak{so}_3)$ cannot be expressed in terms of only Lie algebra operations performed on the generators $I_1,I_2,I_3$ in the usual presentation of $U_q'(\mathfrak{so}_3)$. Hence, the vector space sum of the center of $U_q'(\mathfrak{so}_3)$ and the Lie subalgebra of $U_q'(\mathfrak{so}_3)$ generated by $I_1,I_2,I_3$ is direct.
Let $P_J$ be the standard parabolic subgroup of $SL_n$ obtained by deleting a subset $J$ of negative simple roots, and let $P_J = L_JU_J$ be the standard Levi decomposition. Following work of the first author, we study the quantum analogue $θ: {\mathcal O}_q(P_J) \to{\mathcal O}_q(L_J) \otimes {\mathcal O}_q(P_J)$ of an induced coaction and the corresponding subalgebra ${\mathcal O}_q(P_J)^{\operatorname{co} θ} \subseteq {\mathcal O}_q(P_J)$ of coinvariants. It was shown that the smash product algebra ${\mathcal O}_q(L_J)\# {\mathcal O}_q(P_J)^{\operatorname{co} θ}$ is isomorphic to ${\mathcal…
We propose a polynomial time $f$-algorithm (a deterministic algorithm which uses an oracle for factoring univariate polynomials over $\mathbb{F}_q$) for computing an isomorphism (if there is any) of a finite dimensional $\mathbb{F}_q(x)$-algebra $A$ given by structure constants with the algebra of $n$ by $n$ matrices with entries from $\mathbb{F}_q(x)$. The method is based on computing a finite $\mathbb{F}_q$-subalgebra of $A$ which is the intersection of a maximal $\mathbb{F}_q[x]$-order and a maximal $R$-order, where $R$ is the subring of $\mathbb{F}_q(x)$ consisting of fractions of polynomi…
Let $R$ be a ring with unity and $U(R)$ its group of units. Let $ΔU=\{a\in U(R)\mid [U(R):C_{U(R)}(a)]<\infty\}$ be the $FC$-radical of $U(R)$ and let $\nabla(R)=\{a\in R\mid [U(R):C_{U(R)}(a)]<\infty\}$ be the $FC$-subring of $R$. An infinite subgroup $H$ of $U(R)$ is said to be an $ω$-subgroup if the left annihilator of each nonzero Lie commmutator $[x,y]$ in $R$ contains only finite number of elements of the form $1-h$, where $x,y \in R$ and $h\in H$. In the case when $R$ is an algebra over a field $F$, and $U(R)$ contains an $ω$-subgroup, we describe its $FC$-subalgebra and the $FC$-radica…
We develop the theory of ``branch algebras'', which are infinite-dimensional associative algebras that are isomorphic, up to taking subrings of finite codimension, to a matrix ring over themselves. The main examples come from groups acting on trees. In particular, for every field k we construct a k-algebra K which (1) is finitely generated and infinite-dimensional, but has only finite-dimensional quotients; (2) has a subalgebra of finite codimension, isomorphic to $M_2(K)$; (3) is prime; (4) has quadratic growth, and therefore Gelfand-Kirillov dimension 2; (5) is recursively presented; (6) sat…
Let $λ$ be a primitive root of unity of order $\ell$. We introduce a family of finite-dimensional algebras $\{\mathcal{D}_{λ,N}(\mathfrak{sl}_2)\}_{N\in\mathbb{N}_0}$ over the complex numbers, such that $\mathcal{D}_{λ,N}(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ is a subalgebra of $\mathcal{D}_{λ,M}(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ if $N<M$, and $\mathcal{D}_{λ,N-1}(\mathfrak{sl}_2)\subset \mathcal{D}_{λ,N}(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ is a $\mathfrak{u}_λ(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$-cleft extension. The simple $\mathcal{D}_{λ,N}(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$-modules $(\mathcal{L}_{N}(p))_{0\le p<\ell^{N+1}}$ are highest weight modules, which admit a tensor produ…
In this review paper, we treat the topic of fine gradings of Lie algebras. This concept is important not only for investigating the structural properties of the algebras, but, on top of that, the fine gradings are often used as the starting point for studying graded contractions or deformations of the algebras. One basic question tackled in the work is the relation between the terms 'grading' and 'group grading'. Although these terms have originally been claimed to coincide for simple Lie algebras, it was revealed later that the proof of this assertion was incorrect. Therefore, the crucial sta…
