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arXiv 1709.02799astro-ph.HE
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II型超新星光谱多样性II:光谱和光度相关

Type II supernova spectral diversity II: Spectroscopic and photometric correlations

Claudia P. Gutiérrez, Joseph P. Anderson, Mario Hamuy, Santiago González-Gaitan, Lluis Galbany, Luc Dessart, Maximilian D. Stritzinger, Mark M. Phillips, Nidia … 展开作者

Claudia P. Gutiérrez, Joseph P. Anderson, Mario Hamuy, Santiago González-Gaitan, Lluis Galbany, Luc Dessart, Maximilian D. Stritzinger, Mark M. Phillips, Nidia Morrell, Gastón Folatelli

摘要:

我们提出了一个分析观察到的趋势和100多个II型超新星(SNe~II)的光谱和光度参数之间的大范围的相关性,在光球阶段。我们定义了一个共同的时代为所有SNe的50天后爆炸,其中大多数的样品很可能是在类似的物理条件下。几个相关矩阵的产生,以寻找有趣的趋势之间的30多个不同的光变曲线和光谱特性的特点SNe~II的多样性。总的来说,具有较高膨胀速度的SNe更亮,具有更快下降的光变曲线,更短的平台持续时间,以及更高的$^{56}$ Ni质量。使用一个更大的样本比以前的研究,我们认为,“$Pd$”-高原持续时间从最初的过渡到"高原"的下降率结束的“高原”-是一个更好的指标的氢包层质量比传统上使用的光学厚相持续时间($OPTd$:爆炸时期结束的高原)。这一论点得到以下事实的支持:$Pd$也与s $_3$(后期光变曲线下降率)相关:较低的$Pd$值与较大的s $_3$下降率相关。大的s $_3$下降率可能与较低的包层质量有关,从而使伽马射线逃逸。我们还发现$Pd$和s $_2$(平台下降率)之间存在显著的负相关关系,证实了长期存在的假设,即下降较快的SNe~II(SNe~IIL)是氢包层质量较低的爆炸的结果,因此具有较短的$Pd$值。

英文摘要:

We present an analysis of observed trends and correlations between a large range of spectral and photometric parameters of more than 100 type II supernovae (SNe~II), during the photospheric phase. We define a common epoch for all SNe of 50 days post-explosion where the majority of the sample is likely to be under similar physical conditions. Several correlation matrices are produced to search for interesting trends between more than 30 distinct light-curve and spectral properties that characterize the diversity of SNe~II. Overall, SNe with higher expansion velocities are brighter, have more rapidly declining light-curves, shorter plateau durations, and higher $^{56}$Ni masses. Using a larger sample than previous studies, we argue that `$Pd$' - the plateau duration from the transition of the initial to `plateau' decline rates to the end of the `plateau' - is a better indicator of the hydrogen envelope mass than the traditionally used optically thick phase duration ($OPTd$: explosion epoch to end of plateau). This argument is supported by the fact that $Pd$ also correlates with s$_3$, the light-curve decline rate at late times: lower $Pd$ values correlate with larger s$_3$ decline rates. Large s$_3$ decline rates are likely related to lower envelope masses that enables gamma-ray escape. We also find a significant anticorrelation between $Pd$ and s$_2$ (the plateau decline rate), confirming the long standing hypothesis that faster declining SNe~II (SNe~IIL) are the result of explosions with lower hydrogen envelope masses and therefore have shorter $Pd$ values.

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