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arXiv 1708.09741math.FAmath.MG
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极性型算子的不动点

Fixed points of polarity type operators

Daniel Reem, Simeon Reich

摘要:

一个著名的结果说欧几里德单位球是极性算子的唯一不动点。这个结果意味着,如果在$\mathbb{R}^n$中,某个范数的单位球等于对偶范数的单位球,则该范数一定是欧几里得的。受这些结果以及最近在凸分析和凸几何中关于反序算子的各种性质的结果的启发,我们考虑在实希尔伯特空间中,一个更一般的不动点方程,其中极性算子由一个连续的可逆线性算子组成.我们证明了如果线性算子是正定的,那么所考虑的方程是唯一可解的椭球。否则,方程可能有几个(可能是无穷多个)解或根本没有解。我们的分析产生了一些副产品可能独立的利益,其中有关强制双线性型的结果(本质上是一个定量凸解析逆著名的Lax-Milgram定理从偏微分方程)和真实的希尔伯特空间的表征。

英文摘要:

A well-known result says that the Euclidean unit ball is the unique fixed point of the polarity operator. This result implies that if, in $\mathbb{R}^n$, the unit ball of some norm is equal to the unit ball of the dual norm, then the norm must be Euclidean. Motivated by these results and by relatively recent results in convex analysis and convex geometry regarding various properties of order reversing operators, we consider, in a real Hilbert space setting, a more general fixed point equation in which the polarity operator is composed with a continuous invertible linear operator. We show that if the linear operator is positive definite, then the considered equation is uniquely solvable by an ellipsoid. Otherwise, the equation can have several (possibly infinitely many) solutions or no solution at all. Our analysis yields a few by-products of possible independent interest, among them results related to coercive bilinear forms (essentially a quantitative convex analytic converse to the celebrated Lax-Milgram theorem from partial differential equations) and a characterization of real Hilbertian spaces.

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