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arXiv 1708.04555cond-mat.mes-hall
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硅量子点谷态的电子g因子

Electron g-factor of valley states in realistic silicon quantum dots

Rusko Ruskov, Menno Veldhorst, Andrew S. Dzurak, Charles Tahan

摘要:

我们从理论上模拟了硅量子点器件中的自旋轨道相互作用,这与量子计算和自旋电子学有关。我们的模型是基于一个修改后的有效质量方法与自旋谷边界条件,来自界面对称性下存在的垂直于界面电场。在两个最低谷态的g因子重整化解释的界面诱导的自旋轨道的2D(3D)的相互作用,有利于谷间自旋翻转隧穿intravalley过程。结果表明,量子点能级结构对g因子的高阶影响可以忽略不计。我们计算的g因子作为一个函数的磁场方向,这是敏感的接口对称性。我们确定自旋量子位退相甜蜜点在某些方向的磁场,g因子重整化为零:这些包括垂直于界面磁场,也在平原方向,后者被定义的界面诱导的自旋轨道常数。对电场的g因子依赖性开启了对编码的、少电子自旋量子比特的快速全电操纵的可能性,而不需要纳米磁体或核自旋背景。我们的方法,几乎完全解析理论允许更深入的物理理解的重要性,自旋轨道耦合到硅自旋量子位。

英文摘要:

We theoretically model the spin-orbit interaction in silicon quantum dot devices, relevant for quantum computation and spintronics. Our model is based on a modified effective mass approach with spin-valley boundary conditions, derived from the interface symmetry under presence of perpendicular to the interface electric field. The g-factor renormalization in the two lowest valley states is explained by the interface-induced spin-orbit 2D (3D) interaction, favoring intervalley spin-flip tunneling over intravalley processes. We show that the quantum dot level structure makes only negligible higher order effects to the g-factor. We calculate the g-factor as a function of the magnetic field direction, which is sensitive to the interface symmetry. We identify spin-qubit dephasing sweet spots at certain directions of the magnetic field, where the g-factor renormalization is zeroed: these include perpendicular to the interface magnetic field, and also in-plain directions, the latter being defined by the interface-induced spin-orbit constants. The g-factor dependence on electric field opens the possibility for fast all-electric manipulation of an encoded, few electron spin-qubit, without the need of a nanomagnet or a nuclear spin-background. Our approach of an almost fully analytic theory allows for a deeper physical understanding of the importance of spin-orbit coupling to silicon spin qubits.

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