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arXiv 1707.07908math.CO
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二叉树的三重覆盖的组合性质

Combinatorial properties of triplet covers for binary trees

Stefan Gruenewald, Katharina T. Huber, Vincent Moulton, Mike Steel

摘要:

一个经典的结果是,一个无根树$T$具有正的实值边的长度和没有顶点的程度2可以重建从每对叶之间的诱导距离。此外,如果$T$的每个非叶顶点的度为3,则所需的距离值的数量与叶的数量成线性关系。$T$中这样的一组成对叶的规范候选如下:对于每个非叶顶点$v$,在$T-v$的三个分量中的每一个中选择一个叶,将这三个叶分组为三对,并在$v$的所有选择上取该集合的并集。这形成了$T$的所谓“三重盖”。在本文的第一部分中,我们回答了一个开放的问题(从2012年),通过证明任何三元组覆盖$T$的诱导叶到叶的距离唯一地确定$T$和它的边长。然后,我们研究了三重覆盖的更精细的组合性质。特别是,我们描述了满足一个或多个以下属性的三元组覆盖的结构是最小的,“稀疏”,和“壳”。

英文摘要:

It is a classical result that an unrooted tree $T$ having positive real-valued edge lengths and no vertices of degree two can be reconstructed from the induced distance between each pair of leaves. Moreover, if each non-leaf vertex of $T$ has degree 3 then the number of distance values required is linear in the number of leaves. A canonical candidate for such a set of pairs of leaves in $T$ is the following: for each non-leaf vertex $v$, choose a leaf in each of the three components of $T-v$, group these three leaves into three pairs, and take the union of this set over all choices of $v$. This forms a so-called 'triplet cover' for $T$. In the first part of this paper we answer an open question (from 2012) by showing that the induced leaf-to-leaf distances for any triplet cover for $T$ uniquely determine $T$ and its edge lengths. We then investigate the finer combinatorial properties of triplet covers. In particular, we describe the structure of triplet covers that satisfy one or more of the following properties of being minimal, 'sparse', and 'shellable'.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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