A city's critical infrastructure such as gas, water, and power systems, are largely interdependent since they share energy, computing, and communication resources. This, in turn, makes it challenging to endow them with fool-proof security solutions. In this paper, a unified model for interdependent gas-power-water infrastructure is presented and the security of this model is studied using a novel game-theoretic framework. In particular, a zero-sum noncooperative game is formulated between a malicious attacker who seeks to simultaneously alter the states of the gas-power-water critical infrastructure to increase the power generation cost and a defender who allocates communication resources over its attack detection filters in local areas to monitor the infrastructure. At the mixed strategy Nash equilibrium of this game, numerical results show that the expected power generation cost deviation is 35\% lower than the one resulting from an equal allocation of resources over the local filters. The results also show that, at equilibrium, the interdependence of the power system on the natural gas and water systems can motivate the attacker to target the states of the water and natural gas systems to change the operational states of the power grid. Conversely, the defender allocates a portion of its resources to the water and natural gas states of the interdependent system to protect the grid from state deviations.
The emerging Internet of Things (IoT) applications that leverage ubiquitous connectivity and big data are facilitating the realization of smart everything initiatives. IoT-enabled infrastructures have naturally a multi-layer system architecture with an overlaid or underlaid device network and its coexisting infrastructure network. The connectivity between different components in these two heterogeneous interdependent networks plays an important role in delivering real-time information and ensuring a high-level situational awareness. However, IoT-enabled infrastructures face cyber threats due t…
Integrated simulation models are emerging as an alternative for analyzing large-scale interdependent infrastructure networks due to their modeling advantages over traditional interdependency models. This paper presents an open-source integrated simulation package for the asset-level analysis of interdependent infrastructure systems. The simulation platform, named 'InfraRisk' and developed in Python, can simulate disaster-induced infrastructure failures and subsequent post-disaster restoration in interconnected water-, power-, and road networks. InfraRisk consists of an infrastructure module, a…
The increasing urban population imposes a substantial and growing burden on the supporting infrastructure, such as electricity, water, heating, natural gas, road transportation, etc. This paper presents a Hetero-functional graph theory (HFGT) based modeling framework for these integrated infrastructures followed by an analysis of network robustness. The supporting infrastructures along with the infrastructure repair facilities are considered. In contrast to conventional graph representations, a weighted HFGT model is used to capture the system processes and mutual dependencies among resources.…
It is well known that physical interdependencies exist between networked civil infrastructures such as transportation and power system networks. In order to analyze complex nonlinear correlations between such networks, datasets pertaining to such real infrastructures are required. However, such data are not readily available due to their proprietary nature. This work proposes a methodology to generate realistic synthetic power distribution networks for a given geographical region. A network generated in this manner is not the actual distribution system, but its functionality is very similar to…
The wellbeing of modern societies is dependent upon the functioning of their infrastructure networks. This paper introduces the 3C concept, an integrative multi-system and multi-stakeholder optimization approach for managing infrastructure interventions (e.g., maintenance, renovation, etc.). The proposed approach takes advantage of the benefits achieved by grouping (i.e., optimizing) intervention activities. Intervention optimization leads to substantial savings on both direct intervention costs (operator) and indirect unavailability costs (society) by reducing the number of system interruptio…
The operation of future intelligent transportation systems (ITSs), communications infrastructure (CI), and power grids (PGs) will be highly interdependent. In particular, autonomous connected vehicles require CI resources to operate, and, thus, communication failures can result in non-optimality in the ITS flow in terms of traffic jams and fuel consumption. Similarly, CI components, e.g., base stations (BSs) can be impacted by failures in the electric grid that is powering them. Thus, malicious attacks on the PG can lead to failures in both the CI and the ITSs. To this end, in this paper, the …
Infrastructure networks are vulnerable to both cyber and physical attacks. Building a secure and resilient networked system is essential for providing reliable and dependable services. To this end, we establish a two-player three-stage game framework to capture the dynamics in the infrastructure protection and recovery phases. Specifically, the goal of the infrastructure network designer is to keep the network connected before and after the attack, while the adversary aims to disconnect the network by compromising a set of links. With costs for creating and removing links, the two players aim …
Smart infrastructures uses are growing and with them the need for dependability and correctness. To provide better correctness guarantees and bring formal verification into the equation, we present SVSHI, a platform for developing, verifying, and running Python applications in KNX installations, one of the most used smart buildings standards. SVSHI leverages abstract syntax tree (AST) manipulation, code generation, symbolic execution, and static configuration verification to make writing advanced apps easy, quick, and safe. With SVSHI, the reliability and compatibility of the applications are …
Data61/NICTA（Data61/国家信息与通信技术研究院）；UNSW（新南威尔士大学）；University of Melbourne（墨尔本大学）；Czech Technical University（捷克技术大学）；University of Oxford（牛津大学）；University of Michigan（密歇根大学）
Electric power and natural gas systems are becoming increasingly interdependent, driven by the growth of natural gas-fired generation and the electrification of the gas industry. Recent energy crises have underscored the urgent need for enhanced resilience in these interdependent systems. In response to this challenge, this paper focuses on the interdependent electric power and natural gas distribution systems and proposes a comprehensive strategy for enhancing their resilience, which involves optimally coordinating various resources encompassing emergency operation and maintenance (O&M) and l…
The interactions of the natural gas (NG) network and the electricity system are increased by using gas-fired generation units, which use NG to produce electricity. There are various uncertainty sources such as the forced outage of generating units or market price fluctuations that affect the economic operation of both NG and electricity systems. This study focuses on the steady-state formulation of the integrated NG transmission grid and electricity system by considering the uncertainty of electricity market price based on information gap decision theory. The higher and lower costs than the ex…
Co-Investment with Payoff-Sharing Mechanism for Cooperative Decision-Making in Network Design Games
Institute for Dynamic Systems and Control, ETH Zurich（苏黎世联邦理工学院动态系统与控制研究所）；Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology（麻省理工学院信息与决策系统实验室）
Critical infrastructure systems like power grid require an improved critical in-formation infrastructure (CII) that can not only help in monitoring of the crit-ical entities but also take part in failure analysis and self-healing. Efficient designing of a CII is challenging as each kind of communication technology has its own advantages and disadvantages. Wired networks are highly scala-ble and secure, but they are neither cost effective nor dynamic in nature. Wireless communication technologies on the other hand are easy to deploy, low cost etc. but they are vulnerable to cyber-attacks. In or…
