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arXiv 1706.07433astro-ph.COhep-ph
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暗物质的早期动力学解耦:当计算热遗迹密度的标准方法失效时

Early kinetic decoupling of dark matter: when the standard way of calculating the thermal relic density fails

Tobias Binder, Torsten Bringmann, Michael Gustafsson, Andrzej Hryczuk

摘要:

计算热产生的暗物质粒子的丰度已经成为一个标准程序,复杂的方法保证了与观测测定暗物质密度的100级精度相匹配的精度。在这里,我们指出,在通常采用的形式主义,即局部热平衡的冻结过程中的湮灭暗物质粒子的主要假设之一,并不一定要满足一般。我们提出了两种方法如何处理这种情况下,暗物质的动力学解耦发生得如此之早,它干扰了化学解耦过程:i)一个近似的治疗方面的耦合系统的微分方程的领先的动量矩的暗物质分布,和ii)一个完整的数值解的玻尔兹曼方程在相空间。为了说明,我们将这些方法的情况下,标量单暗物质。我们明确地表明,即使在这个简单的模型中,预测的暗物质丰度可以影响到一个数量级相比,传统的治疗。

英文摘要:

Calculating the abundance of thermally produced dark matter particles has become a standard procedure, with sophisticated methods guaranteeing a precision that matches the percent-level accuracy in the observational determination of the dark matter density. Here, we point out that one of the main assumptions in the commonly adopted formalism, namely local thermal equilibrium during the freeze-out of annihilating dark matter particles, does not have to be satisfied in general. We present two methods for how to deal with such situations, in which the kinetic decoupling of dark matter happens so early that it interferes with the chemical decoupling process: i) an approximate treatment in terms of a coupled system of differential equations for the leading momentum moments of the dark matter distribution, and ii) a full numerical solution of the Boltzmann equation in phase-space. For illustration, we apply these methods to the case of Scalar Singlet dark matter. We explicitly show that even in this simple model the prediction for the dark matter abundance can be affected by up to one order of magnitude compared to the traditional treatment.

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