arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 0905.3039hep-phastro-ph.CO
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隐藏的带电暗物质

Hidden Charged Dark Matter

Jonathan L. Feng, Manoj Kaplinghat, Huitzu Tu, Hai-Bo Yu

摘要:

暗物质能像电子在标准模型中那样通过电荷守恒而稳定吗?我们研究了暗物质是隐藏的可能性,即在所有标准模型规范相互作用下是中性的,但在隐藏扇区的精确U(1)规范对称性下是带电的。这些候选者在无WIMP模型中得到了预测,在超对称模型中,隐藏的暗物质具有所需的热遗迹密度,质量范围很广。隐藏的带电暗物质具有许多中性暗物质所不具有的新颖性质:(1)束缚态的形成和化学冻结后的Sommerdan增强湮灭可能会降低其残余密度,(2)类似的效应大大增强了z ~ 30红移处原晕中的暗物质湮灭,(3)隐藏光子的康普顿散射延迟了动力学解耦,抑制了小尺度结构,卢瑟福散射使这种暗物质发生自相互作用和碰撞,从而可能影响子弹星系团的性质和观测到的星系晕的形态。我们在一个无WIMP模型中分析了所有这些效应,其中隐藏扇区是最小超对称标准模型的简化版本,暗物质是隐藏扇区状态。我们发现带电隐藏的暗物质是可行的,并与正确的遗迹密度为合理的模型参数和暗物质质量在1 GeV < m_X < 10 TeV的范围内。同时,在优选的参数范围内,该模型预测了小星系的暗物质晕中的核心以及未来观测可能达到的其他晕属性。因此,这些模型提供了一个可行的和动机良好的框架碰撞暗物质与索末菲增强,与天体物理学和暗物质搜索的新的影响。

英文摘要:

Can dark matter be stabilized by charge conservation, just as the electron is in the standard model? We examine the possibility that dark matter is hidden, that is, neutral under all standard model gauge interactions, but charged under an exact U(1) gauge symmetry of the hidden sector. Such candidates are predicted in WIMPless models, supersymmetric models in which hidden dark matter has the desired thermal relic density for a wide range of masses. Hidden charged dark matter has many novel properties not shared by neutral dark matter: (1) bound state formation and Sommerfeld-enhanced annihilation after chemical freeze out may reduce its relic density, (2) similar effects greatly enhance dark matter annihilation in protohalos at redshifts of z ~ 30, (3) Compton scattering off hidden photons delays kinetic decoupling, suppressing small scale structure, and (4) Rutherford scattering makes such dark matter self-interacting and collisional, potentially impacting properties of the Bullet Cluster and the observed morphology of galactic halos. We analyze all of these effects in a WIMPless model in which the hidden sector is a simplified version of the minimal supersymmetric standard model and the dark matter is a hidden sector stau. We find that charged hidden dark matter is viable and consistent with the correct relic density for reasonable model parameters and dark matter masses in the range 1 GeV < m_X < 10 TeV. At the same time, in the preferred range of parameters, this model predicts cores in the dark matter halos of small galaxies and other halo properties that may be within the reach of future observations. These models therefore provide a viable and well-motivated framework for collisional dark matter with Sommerfeld enhancement, with novel implications for astrophysics and dark matter searches.

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