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arXiv 1706.06223hep-lathep-phnucl-th
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格点量子色动力学的散射过程和共振

Scattering processes and resonances from lattice QCD

Raul A. Briceno, Jozef J. Dudek, Ross D. Young

摘要:

自然界中观测到的绝大多数强子在强相互作用下都是不稳定的,它们是共振态,其存在是由散射振幅的能量依赖性增强而推断出来的。强子共振的研究为量子色动力学(QCD)在低能非微扰区域的工作提供了一个窗口,此外,许多对标准模型的电弱扇区极限的探索都考虑了强子共振的过程。从理论的角度来看,这是一个具有挑战性的领域:将夸克和胶子束缚成强子共振的动力学也控制着它们衰变成较轻的强子,因此需要一个完整的QCD方法。目前,格点量子色动力学是唯一可以提供强子观测量的非微扰计算的工具。本文综述了利用格点量子色动力学技术研究出现共振态和束缚态的少强子反应的进展。我们描述了利用格点量子色动力学计算中使用的周期性有限空间体积从盒中本征态的离散谱中提取散射振幅的主要方法。我们解释了如何从明确的格点量子色动力学计算,一个可以严格地收集有关各种共振性质的信息,包括它们的质量,宽度,衰变耦合,和形状因子。讨论了目前限制该领域的挑战以及为解决这些挑战而采取的步骤。

英文摘要:

The vast majority of hadrons observed in nature are not stable under the strong interaction, rather they are resonances whose existence is deduced from enhancements in the energy dependence of scattering amplitudes. The study of hadron resonances offers a window into the workings of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) in the low-energy non-perturbative region, and in addition, many probes of the limits of the electroweak sector of the Standard Model consider processes which feature hadron resonances. From a theoretical standpoint, this is a challenging field: the same dynamics that binds quarks and gluons into hadron resonances also controls their decay into lighter hadrons, so a complete approach to QCD is required. Presently, lattice QCD is the only available tool that provides the required non-perturbative evaluation of hadron observables. In this article, we review progress in the study of few-hadron reactions in which resonances and bound-states appear using lattice QCD techniques. We describe the leading approach which takes advantage of the periodic finite spatial volume used in lattice QCD calculations to extract scattering amplitudes from the discrete spectrum of QCD eigenstates in a box. We explain how from explicit lattice QCD calculations, one can rigorously garner information about a variety of resonance properties, including their masses, widths, decay couplings, and form factors. The challenges which currently limit the field are discussed along with the steps being taken to resolve them.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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