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arXiv 1706.04293hep-exphysics.ins-det
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探测器模拟对粒子物理对撞机实验的影响

Impact of Detector Simulation in Particle Physics Collider Experiments

V. Daniel Elvira

摘要:

在过去的三十年里,粒子与物质相互作用的精确模拟和探测器几何形状的建模已被证明是国际高能物理(HEP)实验计划成功的关键。例如,在欧洲核子研究中心(CERN)大型强子对撞机(LHC)的CMS和ATLAS粒子物理实验中,基于Geant 4的模拟软件的详细探测器建模和精确物理是这些合作的决定性因素,可以比以往任何强子对撞机实验更快地提供卓越质量的物理结果。这篇评论文章突出了粒子物理对撞机实验的探测器模拟的影响。它提出了许多使用模拟的例子,从探测器设计和优化,通过软件和计算开发和测试,在使用模拟样本的情况下,在物理结果的精度和出版周转,从数据采集到提交的差异。它还提出了成本和经济影响的模拟CMS实验的估计。未来的实验将使用越来越复杂的探测器收集更多数量级的数据,这对模拟和重建软件的性能造成了沉重的负担。因此,探索解决方案,以加快模拟和重建软件,以满足日益增长的需求,计算资源在一个时间的平面预算是一个值得立即关注的问题。文章最后简要讨论了正在考虑的潜在解决方案,这些解决方案基于利用多核机器中的核心数量增长,使用新一代协处理器,以及重新设计HEP代码以实现并发和并行计算。

英文摘要:

Through the last three decades, accurate simulation of the interactions of particles with matter and modeling of detector geometries has proven to be of critical importance to the success of the international high-energy physics (HEP) experimental programs. For example, the detailed detector modeling and accurate physics of the Geant4-based simulation software of the CMS and ATLAS particle physics experiments at the European Center of Nuclear Research (CERN) Large Hadron Collider (LHC) was a determinant factor for these collaborations to deliver physics results of outstanding quality faster than any hadron collider experiment ever before. This review article highlights the impact of detector simulation on particle physics collider experiments. It presents numerous examples of the use of simulation, from detector design and optimization, through software and computing development and testing, to cases where the use of simulation samples made a difference in the precision of the physics results and publication turnaround, from data-taking to submission. It also presents estimates of the cost and economic impact of simulation in the CMS experiment. Future experiments will collect orders of magnitude more data with increasingly complex detectors, taxing heavily the performance of simulation and reconstruction software. Consequently, exploring solutions to speed up simulation and reconstruction software to satisfy the growing demand of computing resources in a time of flat budgets is a matter that deserves immediate attention. The article ends with a short discussion on the potential solutions that are being considered, based on leveraging core count growth in multicore machines, using new generation coprocessors, and re-engineering HEP code for concurrency and parallel computing.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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