arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1706.02153cs.DLastro-ph.IMcs.CYcs.IRphysics.soc-ph
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文献计量学在科研活动评价中的应用

Usage Bibliometrics as a Tool to Measure Research Activity

Edwin A. Henneken, Michael J. Kurtz

摘要:

衡量研究活动和影响已成为评估各种实体(研究人员个人、组织、文书、区域、学科)的一个组成部分。传统的文献计量学指标,如基于出版物和引用的指标,提供了这一情况的重要组成部分,但不能描述全貌。由于阅读学术出版物是研究生存周期的一个重要组成部分,因此很自然地要为这一活动引入衡量标准,以量化一个实体的效率、生产力和影响。引用和阅读是显著不同的信号,因此结合在一起,它们提供了研究活动的更完整的画面。大多数学术出版物现在都可以在线访问,这使得阅读及其模式的研究成为可能。点击流日志使我们能够实时跟踪整个研究社区的信息访问。出版和引用数据集只反映作者的活动。此外,下载统计数据将帮助我们识别具有重大影响力但引用次数不多的出版物。点击流信号可以说比引用信号更复杂。首先,它们是不同类别读者的叠加。爬虫的系统下载也会污染信号,浏览行为也是如此。我们讨论了与点击流数据相关的复杂性,以及如何通过适当的过滤,从下载统计数据中推断出统计上显著的关系和结论。我们描述了如何下载统计数据可以用来描述研究活动在不同层次的聚合,从组织到国家。这些统计数字显示了与社会经济指标的相关性。将与传统的文献计量指标进行比较。我们认为天文学代表了更普遍的趋势。

英文摘要:

Measures for research activity and impact have become an integral ingredient in the assessment of a wide range of entities (individual researchers, organizations, instruments, regions, disciplines). Traditional bibliometric indicators, like publication and citation based indicators, provide an essential part of this picture, but cannot describe the complete picture. Since reading scholarly publications is an essential part of the research life cycle, it is only natural to introduce measures for this activity in attempts to quantify the efficiency, productivity and impact of an entity. Citations and reads are significantly different signals, so taken together, they provide a more complete picture of research activity. Most scholarly publications are now accessed online, making the study of reads and their patterns possible. Click-stream logs allow us to follow information access by the entire research community, real-time. Publication and citation datasets just reflect activity by authors. In addition, download statistics will help us identify publications with significant impact, but which do not attract many citations. Click-stream signals are arguably more complex than, say, citation signals. For one, they are a superposition of different classes of readers. Systematic downloads by crawlers also contaminate the signal, as does browsing behavior. We discuss the complexities associated with clickstream data and how, with proper filtering, statistically significant relations and conclusions can be inferred from download statistics. We describe how download statistics can be used to describe research activity at different levels of aggregation, ranging from organizations to countries. These statistics show a correlation with socio-economic indicators. A comparison will be made with traditional bibliometric indicators. We will argue that astronomy is representative of more general trends.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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