扩张上皮中的流体动力学不稳定性、波和turbulence
Hydrodynamic instabilities, waves and turbulence in spreading epithelia
摘要：
我们提出了一个流体动力学模型的扩散上皮细胞单层极性粘性流体，与主动收缩和牵引的基板上。这两种作用力的组合产生不稳定性，导致非线性行波，其以取决于接触力的特征时间尺度在极性方向上传播。我们表明，粘性流体模型解释了各种观察上皮单层的缓慢动态，特别是那些以前被解释为签名的弹性。波的非弹性性质可以根据模型的简单预测进行测试。我们的理论框架提供了新的见解，如解释plithotaxis作为一个强大的流极性耦合的结果，和量化的集体力传输的细胞的非局部性的相互作用。此外，我们研究了这些波的非线性制度，推导出一个精确的模型映射到复杂的金斯堡-朗道方程，它提供了一个完整的分类可能的非线性情况。特别是，我们预测过渡到不同形式的弱湍流，这反过来又可以解释非常不稳定和不规则的动态经常观察到上皮细胞。
英文摘要：
We present a hydrodynamic model of spreading epithelial monolayers as polar viscous fluids, with active contractility and traction on the substrate. The combination of both active forces generate an instability that leads to nonlinear traveling waves, which propagate in the direction of polarity with characteristic time scales that depend on contact forces. We show that a viscous fluid model explains a variety of observations on the slow dynamics of epithelial monolayers, in particular those that had been interpreted before as signatures of elasticity. The non-elastic nature of the waves can be tested on the basis of simple predictions of the model. Our theoretical framework provides new insights such as the interpretation of plithotaxis as a result of a strong flow-polarity coupling, and the quantification of collective force-transmission of cells in terms of the non-locality of interactions. In addition, we study the nonlinear regime of those waves deriving an exact map of the model into the Complex Ginzburg-Landau equation, which provides a complete classification of possible nonlinear scenarios. In particular, we predict the transition to different forms of weak turbulence, which in turn could explain the very unstable and irregular dynamics often observed in epithelia.
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