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arXiv 1704.05850astro-ph.GAastro-ph.HE
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超新星反冲与银河系中心致密残留物动力学

Supernova Kicks and Dynamics of Compact Remnants in the Galactic Centre

E. Bortolas, M. Mapelli, M. Spera

摘要:

银河系中心(GC)是研究超大质量黑洞(SMBH)附近发生的极端动力学过程的独特场所。在这里,我们调查的作用超新星(SN)爆炸发生在大规模的双星系统躺在一个盘状结构内的最内层秒差距。我们使用正则化算法来模拟30,000个孤立的三体系统,这些系统由绕SMBH运行的恒星双星组成。我们开始整合时的主要成员经历了SN爆炸,我们分析了SN踢上的恒星和紧凑的残余物的轨道上的影响。我们发现SN爆炸将这对中较轻的恒星分散在完全不同的轨道上,具有更高的偏心率和倾角。相比之下,恒星质量的黑洞(BH)和大质量恒星保留着它们祖先恒星轨道的记忆。我们的研究结果表明,SN踢是不足以从GC弹出BH。因此,我们预测,所有在银河系中央秒差距内原位形成的黑洞都留在GC中,形成一个黑暗的遗迹集群。此外,由SNe引起的NS轨道的变化可能部分地解释了在GC中观察到的NS的缺乏。大约40%的残留物在撞击后仍然与恒星伴星结合在一起;我们预计其中70%可能会通过罗奇叶填充成为X射线双星。最后,由于SN反冲的影响,一些轻恒星的离心率变得> 0.7,产生类似于G1和G2尘埃物体的轨道。

英文摘要:

The Galactic Centre (GC) is a unique place to study the extreme dynamical processes occurring near a super-massive black hole (SMBH). Here we investigate the role of supernova (SN) explosions occurring in massive binary systems lying in a disc-like structure within the innermost parsec. We use a regularized algorithm to simulate 30,000 isolated three-body systems composed of a stellar binary orbiting the SMBH. We start the integration when the primary member undergoes a SN explosion, and we analyze the impact of SN kicks on the orbits of stars and compact remnants. We find that SN explosions scatter the lighter stars in the pair on completely different orbits, with higher eccentricity and inclination. In contrast, stellar-mass black holes (BHs) and massive stars retain memory of the orbit of their progenitor star. Our results suggest that SN kicks are not sufficient to eject BHs from the GC. We thus predict that all BHs that form in situ in the central parsec of our Galaxy remain in the GC, building up a cluster of dark remnants. In addition, the change of NS orbits induced by SNe may partially account for the observed dearth of NSs in the GC. About 40 per cent of remnants stay bound to the stellar companion after the kick; we expect up to 70 per cent of them might become X-ray binaries through Roche-lobe filling. Finally, the eccentricity of some light stars becomes > 0.7 as an effect of the SN kick, producing orbits similar to those of the G1 and G2 dusty objects.

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