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arXiv 1703.05033astro-ph.EP
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在多普勒时间序列中搜索行星信号:周期图分析工具的性能评估

Searching for planetary signals in Doppler time series: a performance evaluation of tools for periodograms analysis

M. Pinamonti, A. Sozzetti, A. S. Bonomo, M. Damasso

摘要:

我们进行了一个比较分析的三种算法的性能,广泛用于确定显着的周期性的径向速度(RV)数据集:广义Lomb Scargle周期图(GLS),其修改后的版本的基础上贝叶斯统计(BGLS),和多频周期图计划称为FREquency DEComposer(FREDEC)。我们将算法应用于一套数值模拟(单个和多个)低振幅开普勒RV信号引起的低质量的同伴周围M-矮星小学。在理想化的最佳情况下(单行星、圆形轨道、白噪声),三种周期搜索方法的全局性能非常相似。然而,GLS、BGLS和FREDEC在正确识别更复杂的信号(包括恒星源、偏心轨道、多行星的相关噪声)时并不等同,其效率损失程度随系统参数而变化,完整性和可靠性水平下降。最大的差异记录在错误检测的数量上:GLS和BGLS采用的残差分析的标准方法在多个系统的情况下转化为大部分错误警报($\sim30\%$),而不是同时多频搜索的FREDEC方法的$\sim10\%$。我们的研究结果加强了需要加强和进一步发展的最积极和有效的{ \it从头开始}战略的鲁棒识别RV数据集中的低振幅行星信号,特别是现在RV调查开始实现潜在的可居住的地球质量的行星周围的晚型恒星的敏感性。

英文摘要:

We carry out a comparative analysis of the performance of three algorithms widely used to identify significant periodicities in radial-velocity (RV) datasets: the Generalised Lomb-Scargle Periodogram (GLS), its modified version based on Bayesian statistics (BGLS), and the multi-frequency periodogram scheme called FREquency DEComposer (FREDEC). We apply the algorithms to a suite of numerical simulations of (single and multiple) low-amplitude Keplerian RV signals induced by low-mass companions around M-dwarf primaries. The global performance of the three period search approaches is quite similar in the limit of an idealized, best-case scenario (single planets, circular orbits, white noise). However, GLS, BGLS and FREDEC are not equivalent when it comes to the correct identification of more complex signals (including correlated noise of stellar origin, eccentric orbits, multiple planets), with variable degrees of efficiency loss as a function of system parameters and degradation in completeness and reliability levels. The largest discrepancy is recorded in the number of false detections: the standard approach of residual analyses adopted for GLS and BGLS translates in large fractions of false alarms ($\sim30\%$) in the case of multiple systems, as opposed to $\sim10\%$ for the FREDEC approach of simultaneous multi-frequency search. Our results reinforce the need for the strengthening and further development of the most aggressive and effective {\it ab initio} strategies for the robust identification of low-amplitude planetary signals in RV datasets, particularly now that RV surveys are beginning to achieve sensitivity to potentially habitable Earth-mass planets around late-type stars.

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