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arXiv 1703.00765cond-mat.stat-mech
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强约束下硬正方形的临界行为

Critical behavior of hard squares in strong confinement

Peter Gurin, Gerardo Odriozola, Szabolcs Varga

摘要:

我们研究了边长为$σ$的准一维硬正方形系统的相行为,其中粒子被限制在两个平行的壁之间,并且只发生最近邻相互作用。与我们之前的工作(PRE,94,050603(2016))一样,使用了转移算子方法,但在这里我们施加了限制的方向和位置近似来产生物理性质的解析描述。这使我们能够研究平行的流体状到锯齿状固体状的结构转变,其中压缩性和热容量峰尖锐化并且随着$H \rightarrow H_c=2\sqrt{2}-1\approx 1.8284$和$p \rightarrow p_c= \infty$而变高。这里,$H$是以$σ$为单位测量的通道宽度,而$p$是压力。我们已经发现,这种结构变化在$(p_c,H_c)$点变得至关重要。所得的临界指数属于一维伊辛模型的普适类。我们相信,这种行为适用于无限制的取向和位置的情况。

英文摘要:

We examine the phase behavior of a quasi-one-dimensional system of hard squares with side-length $σ$, where the particles are confined between two parallel walls and only nearest neighbor interactions occur. As in our previous work (PRE, 94, 050603 (2016)), the transfer operator method is used, but here we impose a restricted orientation and position approximation to yield an analytic description of the physical properties. This allows us to study the parallel fluid-like to zigzag solid-like structural transition, where the compressibility and heat capacity peaks sharpen and get higher as $H \rightarrow H_c=2\sqrt{2}-1\approx 1.8284$ and $p \rightarrow p_c= \infty$. Here $H$ is the width of the channel measured in $σ$ units and $p$ is the pressure. We have found that this structural change becomes critical at the $(p_c,H_c)$ point. The obtained critical exponents belong to the universality class of the one-dimensional Ising model. We believe this behavior holds for the unrestricted orientational and positional case.

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