硬平行正方体和立方体的单速分子动力学
Single-Speed Molecular Dynamics of Hard Parallel Squares and Cubes
摘要:
本文在较宽的密度范围内重新研究了硬平行正方体和立方体的流体和固体状态方程。我们使用一种新颖的单速版本的分子动力学。我们的结果进行了比较,从早期的模拟,以及与维里系列,细胞模型,和柯克伍德的多体单占用模型的预测。单占据模型被应用于给出固相的绝对熵,就像之前对硬盘和硬球所做的那样。这里发现的与所有相关的先前工作的极好的一致性非常清楚地表明,构型性质,如状态方程,不需要最大熵麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼速度分布。对于硬正方体和硬立方体,自由体积理论提供了高密度固相压力的良好描述。硬平行正方形似乎表现出二级熔融转变在密度为0.79相对于紧密堆积。硬平行立方体有一个更复杂的状态方程,有几个相对温和的曲率变化,但没有那么突然,以表明一级熔化过渡。因为立方体的数量依赖性相对较大,所以立方体跃迁的确切性质仍然未知。
英文摘要:
The fluid and solid equations of state for hard parallel squares and cubes are reinvestigated here over a wide range of densities. We use a novel single-speed version of molecular dynamics. Our results are compared with those from earlier simulations, as well as with the predictions of the virial series, the cell model, and Kirkwood's many-body single-occupancy model. The single-occupancy model is applied to give the absolute entropy of the solid phases just as was done earlier for hard disks and hard spheres. The excellent agreement found here with all relevant previous work shows very clearly that configurational properties, such as the equation of state, do not require the maximum-entropy Maxwell-Boltzmann velocity distribution. For both hard squares and hard cubes the free-volume theory provides a good description of the high-density solid-phase pressure. Hard parallel squares appear to exhibit a second-order melting transition at a density of 0.79 relative to close-packing. Hard parallel cubes have a more complicated equation of state, with several relatively-gentle curvature changes, but nothing so abrupt as to indicate a first-order melting transition. Because the number-dependence for the cubes is relatively large the exact nature of the cube transition remains unknown.
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