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arXiv 1702.04812cond-mat.mes-hallphysics.opticsquant-ph
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光子结构中量子点的声子消相干:零声子线的展宽和相干性的作用

Phonon Decoherence of Quantum Dots in Photonic Structures: Broadening of the Zero-Phonon Line and the Role of Dimensionality

Petru Tighineanu, Chris L. Dreeßen, Christian Flindt, Peter Lodahl, Anders S. Sørensen

摘要:

我们发展了一个描述量子点声子退相干和光子结构中发射光子的不变性的一般微观理论。发现相干性从根本上取决于结构的维度,导致嵌入纳米腔(0D)、波导(1D)、平板(2D)或体介质(3D)中的量子点的性能大不相同。在散装,我们发现了一个惊人的温度依赖性的退相速率缩放$T^{11}$这意味着声子有效地'冻结'为$T \lesssim 4 \mathrm{K}$。声子态密度在一维和二维结构中被强烈地修改,导致退相强度的线性温度标度。即使在亚开尔文温度下,对光子不可逆性的影响也很重要。我们的研究结果提供了一个全面的了解光子结构中光子不可逆性的基本限制。

英文摘要:

We develop a general microscopic theory describing the phonon decoherence of quantum dots and indistinguishability of the emitted photons in photonic structures. The coherence is found to depend fundamentally on the dimensionality of the structure resulting in vastly different performance for quantum dots embedded in a nano-cavity (0D), waveguide (1D), slab (2D), or bulk medium (3D). In bulk, we find a striking temperature dependence of the dephasing rate scaling as $T^{11}$ implying that phonons are effectively 'frozen out' for $T \lesssim 4 \mathrm{K}$. The phonon density of states is strongly modified in 1D and 2D structures leading to a linear temperature scaling for the dephasing strength. The resulting impact on the photon indistinguishability can be important even at sub-Kelvin temperatures. Our findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental limits to photon indistinguishability in photonic structures.

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