arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 1702.01848cs.RO
收藏

环境采样的数据驱动学习和规划

Data-Driven Learning and Planning for Environmental Sampling

University of Southern California(南加利福尼亚大学);Indiana University(印第安纳大学)

Kai-Chieh Ma, Lantao Liu, Hordur K. Heidarsson, Gaurav S. Sukhatme

摘要:

诸如自主水下航行器(AUV)和自主水面航行器(ASV)的机器人已经用于感测和监测诸如海洋和湖泊的水生环境。环境采样是一项具有挑战性的任务,因为要观察的环境属性可以在空间和时间上变化,并且目标环境通常是一个大的连续域,而采样数据通常是稀疏和有限的。这些挑战要求采样方法必须提供足够的信息和效率,以赶上环境动态。在本文中,我们提出了一种规划和学习方法,使采样机器人进行持久的监测任务,通过学习和完善的动态“数据地图”,模拟时空环境属性,如海洋盐度含量。我们的环境采样框架包括两个部分:为了最大限度地收集信息,我们提出了一个信息规划组件,有效地产生采样航路点,包含最大的信息;为了缓解大规模数据积累带来的计算瓶颈,我们开发了一个基于稀疏高斯过程的组件,该组件的超参数是通过仅利用提供以下信息的数据子集在线学习的:最大的贡献。我们验证我们的方法与模拟运行在真实的海洋数据和现场试验ASV在湖泊环境中。实验结果表明,该框架既能准确地学习环境数据地图,又能有效地跟踪环境的动态变化。

英文摘要:

Robots such as autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and autonomous surface vehicles (ASVs) have been used for sensing and monitoring aquatic environments such as oceans and lakes. Environmental sampling is a challenging task because the environmental attributes to be observed can vary both spatially and temporally, and the target environment is usually a large and continuous domain whereas the sampling data is typically sparse and limited. The challenges require that the sampling method must be informative and efficient enough to catch up with the environmental dynamics. In this paper we present a planning and learning method that enables a sampling robot to perform persistent monitoring tasks by learning and refining a dynamic "data map" that models a spatiotemporal environment attribute such as ocean salinity content. Our environmental sampling framework consists of two components: to maximize the information collected, we propose an informative planning component that efficiently generates sampling waypoints that contain the maximal information; To alleviate the computational bottleneck caused by large-scale data accumulated, we develop a component based on a sparse Gaussian Process whose hyperparameters are learned online by taking advantage of only a subset of data that provides the greatest contribution. We validate our method with both simulations running on real ocean data and field trials with an ASV in a lake environment. Our experiments show that the proposed framework is both accurate in learning the environmental data map and efficient in catching up with the dynamic environmental changes.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑