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arXiv 1701.07445hep-thcond-mat.stat-mechhep-phmath-phmath.MP
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局部平衡系统中的突现超对称性

Emergent Supersymmetry in Local Equilibrium Systems

Ping Gao, Hong Liu

摘要:

我们在自然界中观察到的许多物理过程涉及宏观量在空间和时间尺度上的变化,这些变化比微观分子碰撞尺度大得多,并且可以被认为是局部热平衡。本文证明了任何处于局部热平衡的经典统计系统在低能时都具有突现超对称性。本文利用非平衡态有效场论的框架研究了封闭时间路径上的量子多体系统,并考虑了它的经典极限。时间演化的幺正性要求引入反对易自由度和BRST对称性,它们在经典极限下仍然存在。局域平衡是通过$Z_2$动力学KMS对称性实现的。我们表明,超对称性是等价的BRST和动力学KMS对称性的一个特定的后果,我们称之为特殊的动力学KMS条件的组合。特别是,我们证明了一个定理,说明一个系统满足特殊的动力学KMS条件总是超对称化。我们讨论了一些例子明确,包括模型A的动态临界现象,非线性扩散的流体动力学理论,相对论性带电流体的波动流体动力学。

英文摘要:

Many physical processes we observe in nature involve variations of macroscopic quantities over spatial and temporal scales much larger than microscopic molecular collision scales and can be considered as in local thermal equilibrium. In this paper we show that any classical statistical system in local thermal equilibrium has an emergent supersymmetry at low energies. We use the framework of non-equilibrium effective field theory for quantum many-body systems defined on a closed time path contour and consider its classical limit. Unitarity of time evolution requires introducing anti-commuting degrees of freedom and BRST symmetry which survive in the classical limit. The local equilibrium is realized through a $Z_2$ dynamical KMS symmetry. We show that supersymmetry is equivalent to the combination of BRST and a specific consequence of the dynamical KMS symmetry, to which we refer as the special dynamical KMS condition. In particular, we prove a theorem stating that a system satisfying the special dynamical KMS condition is always supersymmetrizable. We discuss a number of examples explicitly, including model A for dynamical critical phenomena, a hydrodynamic theory of nonlinear diffusion, and fluctuating hydrodynamics for relativistic charged fluids.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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