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arXiv 1610.04745cond-mat.stat-mech
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活动布朗粒子模型中的热、温度和克劳修斯不等式

Heat, temperature and Clausius inequality in a model for active brownian particles

Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi, Andrea Puglisi, Claudio Maggi

摘要:

随机热力学和流体力学的方法被应用到最近引入的活性粒子模型。该模型由高斯有色噪声下的过阻尼粒子组成。受随机热力学的启发,我们从系统的Fokker-Planck方程推导出与活性浴的平均热交换和功交换以及相关的熵产生。我们表明,克劳修斯不等式举行,与当地(非均匀)温度的活性浴取代均匀的温度通常会遇到平衡系统。此外,通过限制动力学空间的本地分布函数的第一速度矩,我们推导出一个流体动力学描述,其中出现的本地压力,动力学温度和内部热通量,并与以前的热力学分析是一致的。该程序还显示了在何种条件下获得统一色噪声近似(UCNA):这样的近似忽略了快速弛豫的活性浴,因此产生细致平衡和零熵产生。最后,通过多时间尺度分析,给出了Kramers方程解的构造性方法(替代UCNA),并超越了确定负熵产生的细致平衡条件。

英文摘要:

Methods of stochastic thermodynamics and hydrodynamics are applied to the a recently introduced model of active particles. The model consists of an overdamped particle subject to Gaussian coloured noise. Inspired by stochastic thermodynamics, we derive from the system's Fokker-Planck equation the average exchanges of heat and work with the active bath and the associated entropy production. We show that a Clausius inequality holds, with the local (non-uniform) temperature of the active bath replacing the uniform temperature usually encountered in equilibrium systems. Furthermore, by restricting the dynamical space to the first velocity moments of the local distribution function we derive a hydrodynamic description where local pressure, kinetic temperature and internal heat fluxes appear and are consistent with the previous thermodynamic analysis. The procedure also shows under which conditions one obtains the unified coloured noise approximation (UCNA): such an approximation neglects the fast relaxation to the active bath and therefore yields detailed balance and zero entropy production. In the last part, by using multiple time-scale analysis, we provide a constructive method (alternative to UCNA) to determine the solution of the Kramers equation and go beyond the detailed balance condition determining negative entropy production.

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