arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1609.08403cs.DScs.CC
收藏

常度图中距离和中心性问题的紧硬度结果

Tight Hardness Results for Distance and Centrality Problems in Constant Degree Graphs

Søren Dahlgaard, Jacob Evald

摘要:

在图中寻找重要节点并测量其重要性是分析社交网络、交通网络、生物系统等的基本问题。在流行的度量中,这些度量包括图中心性、介数中心性(BC)和到达中心性(RC)。这些措施也非常相关的经典概念,如直径和半径。Roditty和Vassilevska Williams~[STOC'13]证明了没有算法可以在n^{2-o(1)}时间内更快地计算稀疏和未加权图的直径的(3/2-δ)-近似,除非广泛认为的强指数时间假设(SETH)是假的。Abboud等人~ [SODA[15]和[SODA'16]进一步分析了这些问题下最近的研究路线的硬度在P.他们表明,在稀疏和未加权图(加权BC)没有这些问题可以解决的速度比n^{2-o(1)},除非一些流行的猜想是假的。此外,他们排除了RC的(2-δ)-近似,半径的(3/2-δ)-近似和计算任何δ> 0的图的所有偏心率的(5/3-δ)-近似。我们将这些结果推广到最大度为常数的无权图的情形。通过新的图的构造,我们能够获得相同的近似和时间界的稀疏图,即使在未加权有界度图。我们证明了在时间n^{2-o(1)}上不存在半径或直径的(3/2-δ)逼近,RC的(2-δ)逼近,所有偏心率的(5/3-δ)逼近或BC的精确算法,且任何δ> 0.这加强了Abboud等人关于BC的结果。[SODA 16]通过显示未加权图的硬度结果,并遵循Abboud等人的脚步。[SODA'16]和Abboud和Dahlgaard~[FOCS'16]中给出了限制但现实的图类的条件下界。

英文摘要:

Finding important nodes in a graph and measuring their importance is a fundamental problem in the analysis of social networks, transportation networks, biological systems, etc. Among popular such metrics are graph centrality, betweenness centrality (BC), and reach centrality (RC). These measures are also very related to classic notions like diameter and radius. Roditty and Vassilevska Williams~[STOC'13] showed that no algorithm can compute a (3/2-δ)-approximation of the diameter in sparse and unweighted graphs faster that n^{2-o(1)} time unless the widely believed strong exponential time hypothesis (SETH) is false. Abboud et al.~[SODA'15] and [SODA'16] further analyzed these problems under the recent line of research on hardness in P. They showed that in sparse and unweighted graphs (weighted for BC) none of these problems can be solved faster than n^{2-o(1)} unless some popular conjecture is false. Furthermore they ruled out a (2-δ)-approximation for RC, a (3/2-δ)-approximation for Radius and a (5/3-δ)-approximation for computing all eccentricities of a graph for any δ> 0. We extend these results to the case of unweighted graphs with constant maximum degree. Through new graph constructions we are able to obtain the same approximation and time bounds as for sparse graphs even in unweighted bounded-degree graphs. We show that no (3/2-δ) approximation of Radius or Diameter, (2-δ)-approximation of RC, (5/3-δ)-approximation of all eccentricities or exact algorithm for BC exists in time n^{2-o(1)} for such graphs and any δ> 0. This strengthens the result for BC of Abboud et al.~[SODA'16] by showing a hardness result for unweighted graphs, and follows in the footsteps of Abboud et al.~[SODA'16] and Abboud and Dahlgaard~[FOCS'16] in showing conditional lower bounds for restricted but realistic graph classes.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑