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arXiv 1609.08286cs.LG
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在线无监督多视角特征选择

Online Unsupervised Multi-view Feature Selection

University of Illinois at Chicago(伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校);Shenzhen University(深圳大学);Institute for Data Science, Tsinghua University(清华大学数据科学研究院)

Weixiang Shao, Lifang He, Chun-Ta Lu, Xiaokai Wei, Philip S. Yu

摘要:

在大数据时代,具有多种形式或来自多个来源的数据变得越来越普遍,称为“多视图数据”。多视图数据通常是未标记的,并且来自高维空间(如语言词汇),无监督的多视图特征选择在许多应用中至关重要。然而,由于以下挑战,它并非微不足道。首先,存在太多实例或特征维度太大。因此,数据可能不适合存储器。如何在内存空间有限的情况下选择有用的功能?第二,如何从流数据中选择特征并处理概念漂移?第三,如何利用来自不同视图的一致性和互补性信息,在数据量过大或数据流的情况下改进特征选择?据我们所知,以前的作品都不能同时解决所有的挑战。在本文中,我们提出了一个在线无监督多视图特征选择,OMVFS,它处理大规模/流媒体多视图数据在一个在线的方式。OMVFS通过稀疏学习的NMF将无监督特征选择嵌入到聚类算法中。它进一步结合了图正则化,以保持局部结构信息,并帮助选择判别特征。OMVFS不是存储所有的历史数据,而是逐块处理多视图数据,并将所有必要的信息聚合到几个小矩阵中。通过使用缓冲技术,所提出的OMVFS可以减少计算和存储成本,同时利用结构信息。此外,OMVFS可以捕获数据流中的概念漂移。在四个真实数据集上的实验表明了该方法的有效性和效率。更重要的是,OMVFS比离线方法快100倍。

英文摘要:

In the era of big data, it is becoming common to have data with multiple modalities or coming from multiple sources, known as "multi-view data". Multi-view data are usually unlabeled and come from high-dimensional spaces (such as language vocabularies), unsupervised multi-view feature selection is crucial to many applications. However, it is nontrivial due to the following challenges. First, there are too many instances or the feature dimensionality is too large. Thus, the data may not fit in memory. How to select useful features with limited memory space? Second, how to select features from streaming data and handles the concept drift? Third, how to leverage the consistent and complementary information from different views to improve the feature selection in the situation when the data are too big or come in as streams? To the best of our knowledge, none of the previous works can solve all the challenges simultaneously. In this paper, we propose an Online unsupervised Multi-View Feature Selection, OMVFS, which deals with large-scale/streaming multi-view data in an online fashion. OMVFS embeds unsupervised feature selection into a clustering algorithm via NMF with sparse learning. It further incorporates the graph regularization to preserve the local structure information and help select discriminative features. Instead of storing all the historical data, OMVFS processes the multi-view data chunk by chunk and aggregates all the necessary information into several small matrices. By using the buffering technique, the proposed OMVFS can reduce the computational and storage cost while taking advantage of the structure information. Furthermore, OMVFS can capture the concept drifts in the data streams. Extensive experiments on four real-world datasets show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed OMVFS method. More importantly, OMVFS is about 100 times faster than the off-line methods.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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