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arXiv 2511.09166cs.LG
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基于组发现的无监督特征选择

Unsupervised Feature Selection Through Group Discovery

Shira Lifshitz, Ofir Lindenbaum, Gal Mishne, Ron Meir, Hadas Benisty

AI总结:

针对现有无监督特征选择方法孤立评估特征或依赖预定义组的局限,提出端到端可微分框架GroupFS,可联合发现潜在特征组并选择信息性组,在9个基准测试中聚类性能优于现有方法。

摘要:

无监督特征选择(FS)对于无标签的高维学习任务至关重要,有助于减少噪声、提升泛化能力和增强可解释性。然而,多数现有方法孤立评估特征,尽管有效信号常来自相关特征组(如相邻像素、功能连接的脑区或相关金融指标往往协同作用,独立评估并非最优)。部分方法尝试捕捉组结构,但依赖预定义分区或标签监督,限制了适用性。我们提出GroupFS,一种端到端、完全可微分的框架,无需固定先验组或标签监督,可联合发现潜在特征组并从中选择最具信息性的组。GroupFS在特征图和样本图上施加拉普拉斯平滑,并应用组稀疏正则化学习紧凑的结构化表示。在跨越图像、表格数据和生物数据集的9个基准测试中,GroupFS在聚类任务上持续优于最先进的无监督FS方法,并选出与有意义模式一致的特征组。

英文摘要:

Unsupervised feature selection (FS) is essential for high-dimensional learning tasks where labels are not available. It helps reduce noise, improve generalization, and enhance interpretability. However, most existing unsupervised FS methods evaluate features in isolation, even though informative signals often emerge from groups of related features. For example, adjacent pixels, functionally connected brain regions, or correlated financial indicators tend to act together, making independent evaluation suboptimal. Although some methods attempt to capture group structure, they typically rely on predefined partitions or label supervision, limiting their applicability. We propose GroupFS, an end-to-end, fully differentiable framework that jointly discovers latent feature groups and selects the most informative groups among them, without relying on fixed a priori groups or label supervision. GroupFS enforces Laplacian smoothness on both feature and sample graphs and applies a group sparsity regularizer to learn a compact, structured representation. Across nine benchmarks spanning images, tabular data, and biological datasets, GroupFS consistently outperforms state-of-the-art unsupervised FS in clustering and selects groups of features that align with meaningful patterns.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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