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arXiv 1609.07901cond-mat.mtrl-scicond-mat.mes-hall
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自旋动力学Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert方程中自旋弛豫机制的相对论理论

Relativistic theory of spin relaxation mechanisms in the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation of spin dynamics

Ritwik Mondal, Marco Berritta, Peter M. Oppeneer

摘要:

从Dirac-Kohn-Sham方程出发,导出了磁性固体在外场作用下自旋角动量的相对论性运动方程。该运动方程可以写成公知的用于谐波外部磁场的Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert方程的形式,并且导致用于一般的时间相关的磁场的更一般的磁化动力学方程。在这两种情况下,电子自旋弛豫项源于自旋轨道相互作用。因此,我们严格推导出,从基本原理,各向异性阻尼张量的一般表达式,其中示出包含各向同性吉尔伯特贡献以及各向异性伊辛和手性,Dzyaloshinskiii-Moriya样的贡献。自旋弛豫张量的表达式还包括电子带间和带内跃迁。当外加电磁场具有自旋角动量时,自旋矩将产生一个光学自旋力矩。

英文摘要:

Starting from the Dirac-Kohn-Sham equation we derive the relativistic equation of motion of spin angular momentum in a magnetic solid under an external electromagnetic field. This equation of motion can be written in the form of the well-known Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation for a harmonic external magnetic field, and leads to a more general magnetization dynamics equation for a general time-dependent magnetic field. In both cases with an electronic spin-relaxation term which stems from the spin-orbit interaction. We thus rigorously derive, from fundamental principles, a general expression for the anisotropic damping tensor which is shown to contain an isotropic Gilbert contribution as well as an anisotropic Ising-like and a chiral, Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya-like contribution. The expression for the spin relaxation tensor comprises furthermore both electronic interband and intraband transitions. We also show that when the externally applied electromagnetic field possesses spin angular momentum, this will lead to an optical spin torque exerted on the spin moment.

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