通过一个类似于竞争模型的逃税行为的动力学
Dynamics of tax evasion through an epidemic-like model
摘要：
在这项工作中，我们研究了一个逃税模型。我们考虑了一个固定的人口分为三个部分，即诚实的纳税人，逃税者和第三类之间提到的两个，我们称之为\textit{susceptibles}成为逃税者。这些区间之间的转换是由概率决定的，类似于传染病传播的模型。这些概率模拟了个体之间的社会互动，以及政府的社会化。我们在全连通图以及无标度和随机复杂网络上模拟了该模型。对于全连通和随机图的情况下，我们观察到，人口中的逃税者的出现与积极吸收的非平衡相变，这是没有在无标度网络。
英文摘要：
In this work we study a model of tax evasion. We considered a fixed population divided in three compartments, namely honest tax payers, tax evaders and a third class between the mentioned two, which we call \textit{susceptibles} to become evaders. The transitions among those compartments are ruled by probabilities, similarly to a model of epidemic spreading. These probabilities model social interactions among the individuals, as well as the government's fiscalization. We simulate the model on fully-connected graphs, as well as on scale-free and random complex networks. For the fully-connected and random graph cases we observe that the emergence of tax evaders in the population is associated with an active-absorbing nonequilibrium phase transition, that is absent in scale-free networks.
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