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arXiv 1609.04042astro-ph.GA
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银河系吸积球体的组成部分

Building Blocks of the Milky Way's Accreted Spheroid

Pim van Oirschot, Else Starkenburg, Amina Helmi, Gijs Nelemans

摘要:

在结构形成的$Λ$ CDM模型中,恒星球状体是由较小星系的组合而成,即所谓的积木。结合Munich-Groningen半解析星系形成模型和Aquarius高分辨率模拟的暗物质晕,我们研究了6个银河系质量星系的恒星球状体的组装历史,重点研究了其质量、年龄和金属丰度等基本性质.这些属性进行了比较,幸存的卫星在相同的模型。我们发现,平均而言,构建块具有更高的恒星形成率,尤其是对于质量更大的物体。在高红移时,它们在恒星形成中占主导地位,而卫星的恒星形成时间尺度平均更长。当Ia型超新星开始富集铁元素时,这些差异应该会导致II型超新星的结构单元(与卫星相比)中的$α$元素增加更大,从而解释了观测趋势。有趣的是,在模拟的晕中,恒星形成的时间尺度有一些变化,这表明其他星系球状体中的[ $α$ /Fe]丰度可能与我们银河系中的不同。

英文摘要:

In the $Λ$CDM model of structure formation, a stellar spheroid grows by the assembly of smaller galaxies, the so-called building blocks. Combining the Munich-Groningen semi-analytical model of galaxy formation with the high resolution Aquarius simulations of dark matter haloes, we study the assembly history of the stellar spheroids of six Milky Way-mass galaxies, focussing on building block properties such as mass, age and metallicity. These properties are compared to those of the surviving satellites in the same models. We find that the building blocks have higher star formation rates on average, and this is especially the case for the more massive objects. At high redshift these dominate in star formation over the satellites, whose star formation timescales are longer on average. These differences ought to result in a larger $α$-element enhancement from Type II supernovae in the building blocks (compared to the satellites) by the time Type Ia supernovae would start to enrich them in iron, explaining the observational trends. Interestingly, there are some variations in the star formation timescales of the building blocks amongst the simulated haloes, indicating that [$α$/Fe] abundances in spheroids of other galaxies might differ from those in our own Milky Way.

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