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arXiv 1609.01340gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-th
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玻色子星和标量头发Kerr黑洞周围的混沌透镜效应

Chaotic lensing around boson stars and Kerr black holes with scalar hair

P. V. P. Cunha, J. Grover, C. Herdeiro, E. Radu, H. Runarsson, A. Wittig

摘要:

在最近的一封信中,arXiv:1509.00021,表明旋转玻色子星和带有标量头发的克尔黑洞周围的光的透镜效应可以表现出混乱的模式。由于没有分离的变量是已知的(或预期)测地线运动在这些背景下,我们检查光子轨迹的二维有效势,以获得更深入的了解这种现象。我们发现,出现稳定的光环的背景时空,允许形成的“口袋”的有效潜力之一,开放的碰撞参量,导致有效的捕获的一些轨迹,被称为准束缚轨道。我们的结论是口袋的形成诱导混沌散射,虽然不是所有的混沌轨道与口袋。这些和其他功能说明在画廊的例子,获得一个新的射线跟踪代码,PYHOLE,其中包括一个简单的工具,同时可视化的有效潜力连同时空轨迹,在透镜图像中的任何给定点。光子轨道的分析使我们能够进一步建立一个正相关的光子轨道在混沌区域和那些在径向方向上有一个以上的转折点,我们记得,后者是不可能的克尔黑洞周围。此外,我们观察到,在视界周围存在几个光环(几个基本轨道,包括一个稳定轨道),是单个多毛黑洞存在多个阴影的核心因素。我们还展示了透镜和阴影的克尔黑洞与标量头发,观察远离赤道平面,获得PYHOLE。

英文摘要:

In a recent letter, arXiv:1509.00021, it was shown that the lensing of light around rotating boson stars and Kerr black holes with scalar hair can exhibit chaotic patterns. Since no separation of variables is known (or expected) for geodesic motion on these backgrounds, we examine the 2D effective potentials for photon trajectories, to obtain a deeper understanding of this phenomenon. We find that the emergence of stable light rings on the background spacetimes, allows the formation of "pockets" in one of the effective potentials, for open sets of impact parameters, leading to an effective trapping of some trajectories, dubbed quasi-bound orbits. We conclude that pocket formation induces chaotic scattering, although not all chaotic orbits are associated to pockets. These and other features are illustrated in a gallery of examples, obtained with a new ray-tracing code, PYHOLE, which includes tools for a simple, simultaneous visualization of the effective potential together with the spacetime trajectory, for any given point in a lensing image. An analysis of photon orbits allows us to further establish a positive correlation between photon orbits in chaotic regions and those with more than one turning point in the radial direction; we recall that the latter is not possible around Kerr black holes. Moreover, we observe that the existence of several light rings around a horizon (several fundamental orbits, including a stable one), is a central ingredient for the existence of multiple shadows of a single hairy black hole. We also exhibit the lensing and shadows by Kerr black holes with scalar hair, observed away from the equatorial plane, obtained with PYHOLE.

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