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arXiv 1608.08228quant-ph
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高门限低开销容错经典计算及用酉量子门代替测量

High-Threshold Low-Overhead Fault-Tolerant Classical Computation and the Replacement of Measurements with Unitary Quantum Gates

Benjamin Cruikshank, Kurt Jacobs

摘要:

冯·诺依曼的经典“多路复用”方法在实现高阈值容错经典计算(FTCC)方面是独一无二的,但在实现方面存在几个重大障碍:i)随机连接所需的极其复杂的电路,ii)在代码大小和逻辑错误率的实际制度中计算其性能的困难,以及iii)(感知)需要大代码大小。在这里,我们提出的数值结果表明,第三个断言是假的,并介绍了一种新的计划,消除了剩下的两个问题,同时保留一个阈值非常接近冯诺依曼的理想的1/6。我们提出了一个简单的,高度有序的布线结构,大大降低了电路的复杂性,证明了随机化是不必要的,并提供了一个可行的方法来计算的性能。这反过来又使我们能够表明,该方案只需要适度的代码大小,大大优于级联方案,并且在标准误差模型下,酉实现实现了通用FTCC,精度阈值为p <5.5%,其中p是3量子比特门的错误概率。FTCC是实现量子信息处理免测量协议的关键组成部分。鉴于此,我们使用我们的方案,以证明所有酉量子线路可以重现任何基于测量的反馈过程,其中的测量和反馈的渐近误差概率分别为0.51 p和1.51 p,分别。

英文摘要:

Von Neumann's classic "multiplexing" method is unique in achieving high-threshold fault-tolerant classical computation (FTCC), but has several significant barriers to implementation: i) the extremely complex circuits required by randomized connections, ii) the difficulty of calculating its performance in practical regimes of both code size and logical error rate, and iii) the (perceived) need for large code sizes. Here we present numerical results indicating that the third assertion is false, and introduce a novel scheme that eliminates the two remaining problems while retaining a threshold very close to von Neumann's ideal of 1/6. We present a simple, highly ordered wiring structure that vastly reduces the circuit complexity, demonstrates that randomization is unnecessary, and provides a feasible method to calculate the performance. This in turn allows us to show that the scheme requires only moderate code sizes, vastly outperforms concatenation schemes, and under a standard error model a unitary implementation realizes universal FTCC with an accuracy threshold of p < 5.5%, in which p is the error probability for 3-qubit gates. FTCC is a key component in realizing measurement-free protocols for quantum information processing. In view of this we use our scheme to show that all-unitary quantum circuits can reproduce any measurement-based feedback process in which the asymptotic error probabilities for the measurement and feedback are 0.51p and 1.51p, respectively.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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