Being WISE II: Reducing the Influence of Star Formation History on the Mass-to-Light Ratio of Quiescent Galaxies
Mark A. Norris, Glenn Van de Ven, Eva Schinnerer, Robert A. Crain, Sharon Meidt, Brent Groves, Richard G. Bower, Michelle Furlong, Matthieu Schaller, Joop Schaye, Tom Theuns
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15 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Stellar population synthesis models can now reproduce the photometry of old stellar systems (age $>$ 2 Gyr) in the near-infrared (NIR) bands at 3.4 and 4.6$μ$m (WISE W1 $\&$ W2 or IRAC 1 $\&$ 2). In this paper we derive stellar mass-to-light ratios for these and optical bands, and confirm that the NIR M/L shows dramatically reduced sensitivity to both age and metallicity compared to optical bands, and further, that this behavior leads to significantly more robust stellar masses for quiescent galaxies with [Fe/H] > -0.5 regardless of star formation history (SFH). We then use realistic early-type galaxy SFHs and metallicity distributions from the EAGLE simulations of galaxy formation to investigate two methods to determine the appropriate M/L for a galaxy: 1) We show that the uncertainties introduced by an unknown SFH can be largely removed using a spectroscopically inferred luminosity-weighted age and metallicity for the population to select the appropriate single stellar population (SSP) equivalent M/L. Using this method, the maximum systematic error due to SFH on the M/L of an early-type galaxy is $<$ 4$\%$ at 3.4 $μ$m and typical uncertainties due to errors in the age and metallicity create scatter of $\lesssim$13$\%$. The equivalent values for optical bands are more than 2-3 times greater, even before considering uncertainties associated with internal dust extinction. 2) We demonstrate that if the EAGLE SFHs and metallicities accurately reproduce the true properties of early-type galaxies, the use of an iterative approach to select a mass dependent M/L can provide even more accurate stellar masses for early-type galaxies, with typical uncertainties $<$ 9$\%$.
Everything Every Band All at Once II: The Relationship Between Optical Size and Stellar Mass Over Eight Billion Years of Cosmic History
Northwestern University(西北大学);University of Pittsburgh(匹兹堡大学);Space Telescope Science Institute(太空望远镜科学研究所);University of Colorado, Boulder(科罗拉多大学博尔德分校);Princeton University(普林斯顿大学);Swinburne University of Technology(斯威本科技大学);University of Copenhagen(哥本哈根大学);Tufts University(塔夫茨大学)
Dynamical properties and star formation history of a low-mass quenched galaxy at Cosmic Noon
Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)(宇宙黎明中心);DTU Space, Technical University of Denmark(丹麦技术大学空间研究所);DARK, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen(哥本哈根大学尼尔斯·玻尔研究所);Department of Astronomical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI(国立天文台高等研究院天文学研究科);National Astronomical Observatory of Japan(日本国立天文台);ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D)(ARC三维全天空天体物理学卓越中心);Subaru Telescope(昴星团望远镜)
MOSFIRE Spectroscopy of Quiescent Galaxies at 1.5 < z < 2.5. I - Evolution of Structural and Dynamical Properties
本文给出了24个静止星系的深近红外光谱,红移范围为1.5 < z < 2.5。M.凯克天文台。结合我们用LRIS摄谱仪在1 < z < 1.5范围内获得的类似数据集,我们分析了80个静止星系的运动学和结构特性,这是迄今为止最大的精心挑选的样本,跨越了早期宇宙历史的3 Gyr。我们的凯克光谱的分析,以及来自相关的HST图像的测量结果显示,越来越大的恒星速度色散和更小的尺寸红移超过z~2。通过对我们的样本进行分类,根据Sersic指数,我们发现,在盘状系统中,较平坦的系统显示出更高的动态恒星质量比相比,他们的圆同行,我们解释为证据的旋转运动的显着贡献。对于这一子集的盘状系统,我们估计V/西格玛,比的圆周速度的固有速度色散,是一个因素的两个大于今天的盘状静止星系。我们使用的速度色散测量也探索的动力学恒星质量比的红移演化,并首次测量的物理尺寸增长率的个别系统在两个不同的红移范围内,发现在早期的更快的演变。我们讨论的物理起源,这种随时间变化的增长的大小的背景下,相关的系统旋转的减少。
Identifying Tidal Disruption Events via Prior Photometric Selection of Their Preferred Hosts
在星暴后的星系或其他具有强烈巴耳末吸收的静止星系中检测到的核瞬变很可能是潮汐破裂事件(TDE)。在大型综合巡天望远镜(LSST)的计划调查足迹内识别这些星系-在检测到瞬变之前-将使TDE分类立即和后续更有效。不幸的是,大多数这类星系的光谱都是不可用的,简单的光度选择是无效的;切割“绿谷”紫外/光学/红外颜色产生的样品是高度污染和不完整的。在这里,我们提出了一个新的策略,只使用光度光学/UV/IR数据从大型调查。将机器学习随机森林分类器应用于GALEX和WISE测光的~ 400 k SDSS星系样本,包括13,592个静态Balmer强星系,我们获得了53-61%的纯度和8-21%的完整性,给出了红移范围。对于1299个恒星暴增后星系的子集,我们实现了63-73%的纯度和5-12%的完整性。考虑到这些结果,可能的TDE和超新星发生率的范围,以及36-75%的TDE发生在静止的Balmer强宿主中,我们估计在光度选择的宿主星系中观察到的瞬变中有13-99%将是TDE,并且我们将发现LSST每年119-248个TDE。使用我们的技术,我们提出了一个新的目录67,484候选星系预计有一个高的TDE率,从SDSS,泛星,DES和WISE测光调查。这个样本比目前SDSS的类似星系样本大3.5倍,从而为瞬态科学和星系演化研究提供了一条新的前进道路。
FIGS: Spectral fitting constraints on the star formation history of massive galaxies since Cosmic Noon
利用HST的ACS和WFC 3星系的双标架光学和近红外无缝光谱,对52个质量对数Ms>10.5的大质量星系样本的恒星星族性质进行了约束,得到了红移范围为0.5<z<2的恒星族分布。深度曝光(~100 ks)使我们能够将大质量星系的单个光谱定位到F160 W =22.5AB。我们的光谱拟合方法使用一组六个基础模型,适应每个观测的红移和光谱分辨率,并通过MCMC方法拟合基础模型的权重,包括潜在的尘埃衰减。我们的样本包括静止星系(19)和恒星形成星系(33)的混合分布。我们量化的年龄分布(Dt)的宽度,发现占主导地位的检索参数的方差根据主成分分析。人口参数遵循预期的趋势,随着质量的增加,年龄较大,和DT似乎弱反相关恒星质量,这表明一个更有效的恒星形成在大规模的结束。正如预期的那样,静态样本中相对恒星年龄(以宇宙源的年龄为单位测量)的红移依赖性拒绝了单一爆发(又名整体坍缩)的假设。每个星系内的径向颜色梯度也进行了探索,发现一个更广泛的分散在恒星形成的子样本,但没有决定性的趋势相对于人口参数。
Resolved Maps of Gas and Dust in a Massive Quiescent Galaxy at z=2 from INQUEST-JWST: Evidence of Accretion and Rejuvenation
Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science(卡内基科学研究所天文台);Department of Astronomy, Tsinghua University(清华大学天文系);Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia (DIFA), Università di Bologna(博洛尼塔大学物理与天文学系);Department of Astronomy, University of Massachusetts, Amherst(马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校天文系);Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)(宇宙黎明中心);Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology(斯威本科技大学天体物理与超级计算中心)
CLEAR II: Evidence for Early Formation of the Most Compact Quiescent Galaxies at High Redshift
星系中质量、形态、淬灭分数和形成历史之间的相关性的起源很难定义,主要是由于星系恒星形成历史的不确定性。恒星形成的历史,更好地约束高红移星系,观察更接近他们的形成和淬火时代。在这里,我们使用“非参数”的恒星形成的历史和嵌套的采样方法,以获得在$0.7<z<2.5$静止星系的形成和淬火时间尺度的约束。我们从CLEAR(CANDELS Lyman PDMATHAMN再电离发射)调查中模拟了深HST棱镜光谱和光度学。星系形成的红移,$z_{50}$(定义为它们形成50%恒星质量的点)的范围从$z_{50}\sim 2$(在观察到的时期之前不久)到$z_{50} \simeq 5-8$。\editone{We find that early formation redshifts are correlated with high stellar-mass surface densities, $\log Σ_1 / (M_\odot\ \mathrm{kpc}^{-2}) >$10.25, where $Σ_1$ is the stellar mass within 1~pkpc (proper kpc). Quiescent galaxies with the highest stellar-mass surface density, $\logΣ_1 / (M_\odot\ \mathr…
Discovery of Ancient Globular Cluster Candidates in the Relic, a Quiescent Galaxy at $z=2.5$
University of Massachusetts, Amherst(马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校);Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)(宇宙黎明中心);Department of Physics & Astronomy, Tufts University(塔夫茨大学物理与天文学系);Ritter Astrophysical Research Center, University of Toledo(托莱多大学里特天体物理研究中心);Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University(普林斯顿大学天体物理科学系);Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev(内盖夫本-古里安大学物理系);Department of Physics & Astronomy and PITT PACC, University of Pittsburgh(匹兹堡大学物理与天文学系及PITT PACC);Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology(斯威本科技大学天体物理与超级计算中心)
Reconstructing the Assembly of Massive Galaxies. I: The Importance of the Progenitor Effect in the Observed Properties of Quiescent Galaxies at $z\approx 2$
A Census of Na D-traced neutral ISM and outflows at $0.6<z<4$
Steward Observatory, University of Arizona(亚利桑那大学斯图尔德天文台);Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学卡弗里宇宙学研究所);Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学卡文迪许实验室);DARK, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen(哥本哈根大学尼尔斯玻尔研究所DARK中心);Department of Physics, University of Oxford(牛津大学物理系);Scuola Normale Superiore(比萨高等师范学院);Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University(宾夕法尼亚州立大学天文学与天体物理学系);Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC–INTA(西班牙国家航空航天技术研究所/西班牙科学研究中心天体生物学中心)