CLEAR II: Evidence for Early Formation of the Most Compact Quiescent Galaxies at High Redshift
Vicente Estrada-Carpenter, Casey Papovich, Ivelina Momcheva, Gabriel Brammer, Raymond Simons, Joanna Bridge, Nikko J. Cleri, Henry Ferguson, Steven L. Finkelste… 展开作者
Vicente Estrada-Carpenter, Casey Papovich, Ivelina Momcheva, Gabriel Brammer, Raymond Simons, Joanna Bridge, Nikko J. Cleri, Henry Ferguson, Steven L. Finkelstein, Mauro Giavalisco, Intae Jung, Jasleen Matharu, Jonathan R. Trump, Benjamin Weiner
星系中质量、形态、淬灭分数和形成历史之间的相关性的起源很难定义，主要是由于星系恒星形成历史的不确定性。恒星形成的历史，更好地约束高红移星系，观察更接近他们的形成和淬火时代。在这里，我们使用“非参数”的恒星形成的历史和嵌套的采样方法，以获得在$0.7<z<2.5$静止星系的形成和淬火时间尺度的约束。我们从CLEAR（CANDELS Lyman PDMATHAMN再电离发射）调查中模拟了深HST棱镜光谱和光度学。星系形成的红移，$z_{50}$（定义为它们形成50%恒星质量的点）的范围从$z_{50}\sim 2$（在观察到的时期之前不久）到$z_{50} \simeq 5-8$。\editone{We find that early formation redshifts are correlated with high stellar-mass surface densities, $\log Σ_1 / (M_\odot\ \mathrm{kpc}^{-2}) >$10.25, where $Σ_1$ is the stellar mass within 1~pkpc (proper kpc). Quiescent galaxies with the highest stellar-mass surface density, $\logΣ_1 / (M_\odot\ \mathrm{kpc}^{-2}) > 10.25$, }显示了一个\textit{minimum}形成红移：在我们的样本中所有这样的对象有$z_{50} > 2.9$。表面密度较低的静止星系$\log Σ_1 / (M_\odot\ \mathrm{kpc}^{-2}) = 9.5 - 10.25$显示出一系列的形成时期（$z_{50} \simeq 1.5 - 8$），这意味着这些星系经历了一系列的形成和组装历史。我们认为，表面密度阈值$\logΣ_1/(M_\odot\ \mathrm{kpc}^{-2})>10.25$唯一确定的星系，形成在大爆炸后的前几个陀螺仪，我们讨论了这对星系形成模型的影响。
英文摘要：
The origin of the correlations between mass, morphology, quenched fraction, and formation history in galaxies is difficult to define, primarily due to the uncertainties in galaxy star-formation histories. Star-formation histories are better constrained for higher redshift galaxies, observed closer to their formation and quenching epochs. Here we use "non-parametric" star-formation histories and a nested sampling method to derive constraints on the formation and quenching timescales of quiescent galaxies at $0.7<z<2.5$. We model deep HST grism spectroscopy and photometry from the CLEAR (CANDELS Lyman$-α$ Emission at Reionization) survey. The galaxy formation redshifts, $z_{50}$ (defined as the point where they had formed 50\% of their stellar mass) range from $z_{50}\sim 2$ (shortly prior to the observed epoch) up to $z_{50} \simeq 5-8$. \editone{We find that early formation redshifts are correlated with high stellar-mass surface densities, $\log Σ_1 / (M_\odot\ \mathrm{kpc}^{-2}) >$10.25, where $Σ_1$ is the stellar mass within 1~pkpc (proper kpc). Quiescent galaxies with the highest stellar-mass surface density, $\logΣ_1 / (M_\odot\ \mathrm{kpc}^{-2}) > 10.25$, } show a \textit{minimum} formation redshift: all such objects in our sample have $z_{50} > 2.9$. Quiescent galaxies with lower surface density, $\log Σ_1 / (M_\odot\ \mathrm{kpc}^{-2}) = 9.5 - 10.25$, show a range of formation epochs ($z_{50} \simeq 1.5 - 8$), implying these galaxies experienced a range of formation and assembly histories. We argue that the surface density threshold $\logΣ_1/(M_\odot\ \mathrm{kpc}^{-2})>10.25$ uniquely identifies galaxies that formed in the first few Gyr after the Big Bang, and we discuss the implications this has for galaxy formation models.
We use surveys covering the redshift range $0.05 < z < 3.8$ to explore quiescent galaxy scaling relations and the redshift evolution of the velocity dispersion, size, and dynamical mass at fixed stellar mass. For redshift $z < 0.6$ we derive mass limited samples and demonstrate that these large samples enhance constraints on the evolution of the quiescent population. The constraints include 2985 new velocity dispersions from the SHELS F2 survey (Geller et al. 2014). In contrast with the known substantial evolution of size with redshift, evolution in the velocity dispersion is negligible. The d…
We present a sample of 151 massive ($M_* > 10^{10}\mathrm{M_\odot}$) quiescent galaxies at $2 < z < 5$, based on a sophisticated Bayesian spectral energy distribution fitting analysis of the CANDELS UDS and GOODS-South fields. Our sample includes a robust sub-sample of 61 objects for which we confidently exclude low-redshift and star-forming solutions. We identify 10 robust objects at $z>3$, of which 2 are at $z>4$. We report formation redshifts, demonstrating that the oldest objects formed at $z > 6$, however individual ages from our photometric data have significant uncertainties, typically …
High Redshift Massive Quiescent Galaxies are as Flat as Star Forming Galaxies: The Flattening of Galaxies and the Correlation with Structural Properties in CANDELS/3D-HST
We present an analysis of the galaxy population in XLSSC 122, an X-ray selected, virialized cluster at redshift $z=1.98$. We utilize HST WFC3 photometry to characterize the activity and morphology of spectroscopically confirmed cluster members. The quiescent fraction is found to be $88^{+4}_{-20}$ per cent within 0.5$r_{500}$, significantly enhanced over the field value of $20^{+2}_{-2}$ per cent at $z\sim2$. We find an excess of "bulge-like" quiescent cluster members with Sersic index $n>2$ relative to the field. These galaxies are found to be larger than their field counterparts at 99.6 per …
More connected, more active: galaxy clusters and groups at z~1 and the connection between their quiescent galaxy fractions and large-scale environments
高红移的星系团，不同于本地的星系团，显示出多样的恒星形成活动。然而，目前还不清楚是什么使一些高红移星团在恒星形成中保持活跃。为了解决这个问题，我们进行了多目标光谱（MOS）观测的226高红移（0.8 < z < 1.3）星系的星系团候选人及其周围地区。我们的光谱观察揭示了在z ~ 0.9和z ~ 1.3处的六至八个簇/群。红移的测量表明我们的光度红移测量的可靠性，这反过来又给出了可信度使用光度红移成员的分析大尺度结构（LSSs）。我们对每个星系团周围的大尺度环境（~10 Mpc）的调查揭示了LSS-高达~10 Mpc尺度的结构-围绕着许多，但不是全部，已确认的超密度和星系团候选者。我们研究了星系过密度中静止星系部分与其周围LSS之间的相关性，样本量更大，约为20个过密度，包括在0.6 < z < 0.9处通过光度测量选择的过密度。有趣的是，嵌入这些扩展的LSS中的星系过密度显示出比类似红移的孤立星系更低的静止星系比例（~ 20%）（静止星系比例为~ 50%）。此外，我们发现一个可能的迹象表明，集群/集团具有较高的静止星系分数更集中。基于这些结果，我们认为，LSS的主要水库的气体和恒星形成的星系，以保持星系团新鲜和扩大的大小在z ~ 1。
Using stellar population synthesis models to infer star formation histories (SFHs), we analyse photometry and spectroscopy of a large sample of quiescent galaxies which are members of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ)-selected galaxy clusters across a wide range of redshifts. We calculate stellar masses and mass-weighted ages for 837 quiescent cluster members at 0.3 < z < 1.4 using rest-frame optical spectra and the Python-based Prospector framework, from 61 clusters in the SPT-GMOS Spectroscopic Survey (0.3 < z < 0.9) and 3 clusters in the SPT Hi-z cluster sample (1.25 < z < 1.4). We analyse spectra of…
We investigate the change in mean stellar population age and metallicity ([Z/H]) scaling relations for quiescent galaxies from intermediate redshift ($0.60\leq z\leq0.76$) using the LEGA-C Survey, to low redshift ($0.014\leq z\leq0.10$) using the SAMI Galaxy Survey. We find that, similarly to their low-redshift counterparts, the stellar metallicity of quiescent galaxies at $0.60\leq z\leq 0.76$ closely correlates with $M_*/R_\mathrm{e}$ (a proxy for the gravitational potential or escape velocity), in that galaxies with deeper potential wells are more metal-rich. This supports the hypothesis th…
Massive Quiescent Galaxies at z>3 in The Millennium Simulation Populated by A Semi-analytic Galaxy Formation Model
我们利用大体积暗物质千禧年模拟的统计能力，结合复杂的半解析星系形成模型，探索最近报道的$z=3.7$静止星系ZF-COSMOS-20115（ZF; Glazebrook et al. 2017）是否可以适应当前的星系形成模型。在我们的模型中，一群具有恒星质量和恒星形成速率与ZF相当的静止星系（QG）在红移$z<4$处自然出现。在Millennium模拟体积中，在红移$3.86$和$3.58$处分别有两个和五个ZF类似物。我们证明，虽然$z>3.5$质量QG是罕见的（约2%的星系具有类似的恒星质量），现有的AGN反馈模型实现的半解析星系形成模型可以成功地解释高红移QG的形成，因为它对它们的低红移同行.
Single flux density measurements at observed-frame sub-millimeter and millimeter wavelengths are commonly used to probe dust and gas masses in galaxies. In this Letter, we explore the robustness of this method to infer dust mass, focusing on quiescent galaxies, using a series of controlled experiments on four massive haloes from the Feedback in Realistic Environments (FIRE) project. Our starting point is four star-forming, central galaxies at seven redshifts between z=1.5 and z=4.5. We generate modified quiescent galaxies that have been quenched for 100Myr, 500Myr, or 1Gyr prior to each of the…
Structural evolution of quiescent galaxies at intermediate redshifts at UV and red rest-frame wavelengths
Saint Mary’s University（圣玛丽大学）；Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ASIAA)（中央研究院天文及天文物理研究所）；Seoul National University（首尔大学）；Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory（史密森尼天体物理台）
Quiescent fractions in high-redshift galaxy groups reflect their hot-or-cold state of gas accretion
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA（巴黎萨克雷大学，法国国家科学研究中心，法国原子能和替代能源委员会）；Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso（天主教瓦爾帕萊索大學物理研究所）；Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)（黎明宇宙中心）；DTU Space, Technical University of Denmark（丹麦技术大学空间研究所）
Quiescent Compact Galaxies at Intermediate Redshift in the COSMOS Field II. The Fundamental Plane of Massive Galaxies
我们研究了宇宙场中中等红移静止星系的表面亮度、速度色散和基本面$-$大小之间的关系。COSMOS样本由平均速度色散为$σ\sim 250$ km s $^{-1}$的$\sim150$大质量静止星系组成，红移在$0.2<z<0.8$之间。样本中超过一半的星系是紧凑的。COSMOS星系的表面亮度、速度色散和大小之间存在紧密的关系（$\sim0.1$ dex散射）。在速度色散和大小的固定组合下，COSMOS星系比本地宇宙中的星系更亮。这些表面亮度偏移与静止坐标系的$g-z$颜色和$D_n4000$指数相关;蓝色星系和那些具有较小$D_n4000$指数的星系具有较大的偏移。星族合成模型表明，大质量的宇宙星系比本地宇宙中同样大质量的静止星系更年轻，因此更明亮。被动演化单独带来了巨大的紧凑的静止宇宙星系的本地基本平面在$z = 0$。因此，大质量致密静止星系自$z\sim1$以来的尺寸或速度色散演化受到在基本面观测到的小散射的限制。我们的结论是，在$z\lesssim1$的大规模紧凑的静止星系是不是一个特殊的一类对象，而是正常的静止星系人口的质量和大小分布的尾巴。
How much gas and dust is contained in high-redshift quiescent galaxies (QGs) is currently an open question with relatively few and contradictory answers, as well as important implications for our understanding of the nature of star formation quenching processes at cosmic noon. Here we revisit far-infrared (FIR) observations of the REQUIEM-ALMA sample of six z = 1.6 - 3.2 QGs strongly lensed by intermediate-redshift galaxy clusters. We measured their continuum emission using priors obtained from high resolution near-infrared (NIR) imaging, as opposed to focusing on point-source extraction, conv…
MOSFIRE Spectroscopy of Quiescent Galaxies at 1.5 < z < 2.5. I - Evolution of Structural and Dynamical Properties
本文给出了24个静止星系的深近红外光谱，红移范围为1.5 < z < 2.5。M.凯克天文台。结合我们用LRIS摄谱仪在1 < z < 1.5范围内获得的类似数据集，我们分析了80个静止星系的运动学和结构特性，这是迄今为止最大的精心挑选的样本，跨越了早期宇宙历史的3 Gyr。我们的凯克光谱的分析，以及来自相关的HST图像的测量结果显示，越来越大的恒星速度色散和更小的尺寸红移超过z~2。通过对我们的样本进行分类，根据Sersic指数，我们发现，在盘状系统中，较平坦的系统显示出更高的动态恒星质量比相比，他们的圆同行，我们解释为证据的旋转运动的显着贡献。对于这一子集的盘状系统，我们估计V/西格玛，比的圆周速度的固有速度色散，是一个因素的两个大于今天的盘状静止星系。我们使用的速度色散测量也探索的动力学恒星质量比的红移演化，并首次测量的物理尺寸增长率的个别系统在两个不同的红移范围内，发现在早期的更快的演变。我们讨论的物理起源，这种随时间变化的增长的大小的背景下，相关的系统旋转的减少。
We study structural properties of spectroscopically confirmed massive quiescent galaxies at $z\approx 3$ with one of the first sizeable samples of such sources, made of ten $10.8<\log(M_{\star}/M_{\odot})<11.3$ galaxies at $2.4 < z < 3.2$ in the COSMOS field whose redshifts and quiescence are confirmed by HST grism spectroscopy. Although affected by a weak bias toward younger stellar populations, this sample is deemed to be largely representative of the majority of the most massive and thus intrinsically rarest quiescent sources at this cosmic time. We rely on targeted HST/WFC3 observations an…
Protoclusters of galaxies have been found in the last quarter century. However, most of them have been found through the overdensity of star-forming galaxies, and there had been no known structures identified by multiple spectroscopically confirmed quiescent galaxies at $z>2.5$. In this letter, we report the discovery of an overdense structure of massive quiescent galaxies with the spectroscopic redshift $z=2.77$ in the COSMOS field, QO-1000. We first photometrically identify this structure as a $4.2σ$ overdensity with 14 quiescent galaxies in $7\times4\ {\rm pMpc^2}$ from the COSMOS2020 catal…
The HectoMAP survey provides a complete, mass-limited sample of 30,231 quiescent galaxies with $i-$band Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC SSP) imaging that spans the redshift range $0.2 <z < 0.6$. We combine half-light radii based on HSC SSP imaging with redshifts and D$_n4000$ to explore the size - mass relation, $R_{e} = A \times M_{*}^α$, and its evolution for the entire HectoMAP quiescent population and for two subsets of the data. Newcomers with $1.5 < \mathrm{D}_n4000 < 1.6$ at each redshift show a steeper increase in $A$ as the universe ages than the population that descen…
The SPLASH survey: Quiescent galaxies are more strongly clustered but are not necessarily located in high-density environments
我们使用SPLASH（Spitzer Large Area Survey with Hyper-Suprime-Cam）在COSMOS领域中的恒星质量选择星表，通过星系密度和聚类分析来研究直到$z \sim 2.5$的星系环境。静止星系的聚集强度超过恒星形成星系，这意味着静止星系优先位于更大质量的晕。当使用局部密度测量，我们发现一个明确的正静态分数-密度关系在$z < 1$，与早期的结果一致。然而，静态分数-密度关系在中等红移（$1 < z < 1.5$）处与边缘显著性（<1.8 $σ$）相反，并被发现与尺度相关（1.6 $σ$）。在大规模密集环境中看到的静止星系的比例较低，如果被证实是真的，可能与这样一个事实有关，即恒星的形成可以更容易地通过冷流吸积维持在“大规模”高密度区域，防止星系永久淬火。最后，在$z > 1.5$，静止的分数取决于当地的密度，即使集群表明，静止的星系在更大质量的晕。我们认为，在高红移的典型晕大小低于$10^{13}$ $M_{\odot}$，在本质上的本地密度测量是如此不同，他们不跟踪晕质量。因此，我们的研究结果表明，在高红移宇宙中，晕质量可能是熄灭星系中恒星形成的关键，而不是传统测量的星系密度。
We present elemental abundances and stellar population ages for 68 massive quiescent galaxies at $0.59\leq z\leq0.75$ from the LEGA-C survey. The abundance patterns and ages, derived from full-spectrum modeling, are examined as a function of stellar mass ($M_*$) and size (i.e., half-light radius; $R_e$). We find that both [Mg/H] and [Fe/H] do not vary with stellar mass but are correlated with $M_*/R_e$ for quiescent galaxies with $M_*>10^{10.5} M_\odot$. Thus, at fixed mass, compact quiescent galaxies are on average more metal rich. This result reinforces the picture that supernova feedback an…
Stellar populations from spectroscopy of a large sample of quiescent galaxies at z > 1: Measuring the contribution of progenitor bias to early size growth
我们分析了62个大质量（log Mstar/Msun > 10.7）星系样本的恒星星族，其红移范围为1 < z < 1.6，主要目的是研究最近淬火在静止星系尺寸增长中的作用。我们证明，我们的样本是不偏向于明亮，紧凑，或年轻的星系，因此是整体静态人口的代表。我们的高信噪比凯克LRIS光谱探测的休息帧巴耳末断裂区，其中包含重要的吸收线诊断最近的恒星形成活动。我们得到改进措施的各种恒星星族参数，包括恒星形成的时间尺度τ，年龄和尘埃灭绝，通过拟合模板共同我们的光谱和宽带光度数据。我们确定哪些静止星系最近淬火和回溯他们的个人发展轨迹上的UVJ色-色平面上找到两个不同的淬火路线的证据。通过使用在本系列的前一篇论文中测量的大小，我们证实了最大的星系确实是在给定的红移下最年轻的星系之一。这与最近到达的人对明显增长的一些贡献是一致的，这种效应通常被称为祖先偏见。然而，我们计算出，在1.5 Gyr周期内，最近淬灭的天体只能对静止星系平均尺寸增加的一半负责，对应于红移区间1.25 < z < 2。其余的观测到的大小演变来自长期静止星系的真正增长。
We study the intrinsic 3D shapes of quiescent galaxies over the last half of cosmic history based on their axial ratio distribution. To this end, we construct a sample of unprecedented size, exploiting multi-wavelength $u$-to-$K_s$ photometry from the deep wide area surveys KiDS+VIKING paired with high-quality $i$-band imaging from HSC-SSP. Dependencies of the shapes on mass, redshift, photometric bulge prominence and environment are considered. For comparison, the intrinsic shapes of quenched galaxies in the IllustrisTNG simulations are analyzed and contrasted to their formation history. We f…
The Evolution of the Fractions of Quiescent and Star-forming Galaxies as a Function of Stellar Mass Since z=3: Increasing Importance of Massive, Dusty Star-forming Galaxies in the Early Universe
利用UltraVISTA DR 1和3D-HST星表，我们构建了一个恒星质量完整的样本，其独特的组合调查的体积和深度，研究的分数的演化的静止星系，适度清晰的恒星形成的星系，尘埃恒星形成的星系作为一个函数的恒星质量在红移间隔$0.2 \le z \le 3.0$。我们发现，尘埃恒星形成星系的整体星系人口中的作用变得更加重要，随着恒星质量的增加，并迅速增长的红移。具体来说，尘埃恒星形成星系占主导地位的星系人口与$\log{(M_{\rm star}/M_{\odot})} \gtrsim 10.3$在$z\gtrsim2$。尘埃和非尘埃恒星形成星系的比例作为恒星质量的函数，随红移的变化很小。尘埃恒星形成星系在$\log{(M_{\rm star}/M_{\odot})} \gtrsim 10.0-10.5$的恒星形成种群中占主导地位，是$\sim$ 3-5的一个因子，而在$\log{(M_{\rm star}/M_{\odot})} \lesssim 10$中，清晰的恒星形成星系占主导地位。在$\log{(M_{\rm star}/M_{\odot})} > 10.5$，红色星系在所有红移$z<3$的星系群中占主导地位，这可能是因为它们处于静止状态（在晚期）或尘埃恒星形成（在早期宇宙）。
The Effects of Environment on the Evolution of the Galaxy Stellar Mass Function
利用FourStar Galaxy Evolution（ZFOURGE）巡天和NEWFIRM Medium Band Survey（NMBS）研究了星系环境对0.2 < z < 2.0范围内恒星质量函数（SMF）演化的影响，直到恒星质量完整性极限，log M / Msun > 9.0（9.5）（z = 1.0（2.0））。我们比较的SMF静止和恒星形成的星系在最高和最低的环境中使用的密度估计的基础上的距离星系的第三最近的邻居。对于正在形成恒星的星系，在所有的红移中，SMF的形状与环境只有微小的差异。对于静止的星系，最低密度的SMF没有随红移而演化，除了数密度（phi*）随时间整体增加。这表明，在相对孤立的星系中，恒星质量对猝灭的依赖性是普遍的，并且不会强烈地演化。当z >~ 1.5时，静止星系的SMF在最高和最低密度上是不可区分的，而在较低的红移下，它显示出低质量星系的数密度迅速增加，log M / Msun ~= 9-10。我们认为，这种演变可以解释所有的红移演变的形状的总静止星系SMF。静止星系SMF在更高红移（z > 1）的这种演化需要一个环境猝灭效率，对于我们质量范围内的星系，在0.5 < z 0.5 - 1.0时，环境猝灭效率随着恒星质量的降低而降低< 1.5 or it would overproduce the number of lower-mass q…
We present the first direct spectroscopic measurement of the stellar velocity dispersion function (VDF) for massive quiescent and star-forming galaxies at $0.6 < z \leq 1.0$. For this analysis we use individual measurements of stellar velocity dispersion from high-S/N spectra from the public Large Early Galaxy Astrophysics Census (LEGA-C) survey. We report a remarkable stability of the VDF for both quiescent and star-forming galaxies within this redshift range, though we note the presence of weak evolution in the number densities of star-forming galaxies. We compare both VDFs with previous dir…
We explore the buildup of quiescent galaxies using a sample of 28,469 massive ($M_\star \ge 10^{11}$M$_\odot$) galaxies at redshifts $1.5<z<3.0$, drawn from a 17.5 deg$^2$ area (0.33 Gpc$^3$ comoving volume at these redshifts). This allows for a robust study of the quiescent fraction as a function of mass at $1.5<z<3.0$ with a sample $\sim$40 times larger at log($M_{\star}$/$\rm M_{\odot}$)$\ge11.5$ than previous studies. We derive the quiescent fraction using three methods: specific star-formation rate, distance from the main sequence, and UVJ color-color selection. All three methods give sim…
We present a rest-frame UV-optical stacked spectrum representative of massive quiescent galaxies at $1.0<z<1.3$ with log$(M_*/\rm{M_\odot})>10.8$. The stack is constructed using VANDELS survey data, combined with new KMOS observations. We apply two independent full-spectral-fitting approaches, measuring a total metallicity, [Z/H]=$-0.13\pm0.08$ with Bagpipes, and [Z/H]=$0.04\pm0.14$ with Alf, a fall of $\sim0.2-0.3$ dex compared with the local Universe. We also measure an iron abundance, [Fe/H] =$-0.18\pm0.08$, a fall of $\sim0.15$ dex compared with the the local Universe. We measure the alpha…
HST/WFC3 grism observations of $z~\mathtt{\sim}~1$ clusters: The cluster vs. field stellar mass-size relation and evidence for size growth of quiescent galaxies from minor mergers
The importance of super-Eddington black hole accretion for the emergence of massive quiescent galaxies at high redshift
Institute for Computational Cosmology, Department of Physics, University of Durham（达勒姆大学物理系计算宇宙学研究所）；Leiden Observatory, Leiden University（莱顿大学莱顿天文台）；Lorentz Institute for Theoretical Physics, Leiden University（莱顿大学洛伦兹理论物理研究所）；Department of Astrophysics, University of Vienna（维也纳大学天体物理学系）
Stellar populations of galaxies in the ALHAMBRA survey up to $z \sim 1$. III. The stellar content of the quiescent galaxy population during the last $8$ Gyr
In this paper we present a simple color-magnitude selection and obtain a large sample of 33,893 massive quiescent galaxies at intermediate redshifts (1<z<1.5). We choose the longest wavelength available in the Hyper-Supreme-Cam (HSC) deep survey, the Y band and i-Y color, to select the 4000A Balmer jump in passive galaxies to the highest redshift possible within the survey. With the rich multi-wavelength data in the HSC deep fields, we then confirm that the selected galaxies are in the targeted redshift range of 1<z<1.5, lie in the passive region of the UVJ diagram, and have high stellar masse…
