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arXiv 2010.04741astro-ph.GA
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调查宇宙正午大规模静止星系的增长人口

Investigating The Growing Population of Massive Quiescent Galaxies at Cosmic Noon

Sydney Sherman, Shardha Jogee, Jonathan Florez, Matthew L. Stevans, Lalitwadee Kawinwanichakij, Isak Wold, Steven L. Finkelstein, Casey Papovich, Robin Ciardull… 展开作者

Sydney Sherman, Shardha Jogee, Jonathan Florez, Matthew L. Stevans, Lalitwadee Kawinwanichakij, Isak Wold, Steven L. Finkelstein, Casey Papovich, Robin Ciardullo, Caryl Gronwall, Sofía A. Cora, Tomás Hough, Cristian A. Vega-Martínez

摘要:

我们探索的28,469个大质量($M_\star \ge 10^{11}$ M $_\odot$)星系的样本在红移$1.5<z<3.0$,从17.5度$^2$区域(0.33 Gpc $^3$共动体积在这些红移)的静止星系的建设。这允许使用比先前研究大40倍的log($M_{\star}$ / $\rm M_{\odot}$)$\ge11.5$的样品$\sim$,对作为$1.5<z<3.0$质量函数的静态分数进行稳健研究。我们推导出的静态分数使用三种方法:特定的恒星形成率,距离主序星,和UVJ颜色颜色选择。在$1.5<z<2.0$下,所有三种方法给出的值相似,但在$2.0<z<3.0$下,结果相差高达2倍。在红移$1.5 < z < 3.0$处,静止分数作为恒星质量的函数而增加。到$z=2$,大爆炸后仅3.3 Gyr,宇宙已经淬灭了25%的$M_\star = 10^{11}$ M $_\odot$星系和45%的$M_\star = 10^{12}$ M $_\odot$星系的$\sim$。我们讨论了可以解释我们结果的一系列时代和环境的物理机制。我们比较我们的结果与流体动力学模拟SIMBA和IllustrisTNG和半解析模型(SAMs)SAG,SAGE和Galacticus的预测。来自IllustrisTNG的静止分数比我们的经验结果高$2-5$的因子,而来自SIMBA和三种SAM的静止分数在$1.5<z<3.0$处低$1.5-10$的因子。

英文摘要:

We explore the buildup of quiescent galaxies using a sample of 28,469 massive ($M_\star \ge 10^{11}$M$_\odot$) galaxies at redshifts $1.5<z<3.0$, drawn from a 17.5 deg$^2$ area (0.33 Gpc$^3$ comoving volume at these redshifts). This allows for a robust study of the quiescent fraction as a function of mass at $1.5<z<3.0$ with a sample $\sim$40 times larger at log($M_{\star}$/$\rm M_{\odot}$)$\ge11.5$ than previous studies. We derive the quiescent fraction using three methods: specific star-formation rate, distance from the main sequence, and UVJ color-color selection. All three methods give similar values at $1.5<z<2.0$, however the results differ by up to a factor of two at $2.0<z<3.0$. At redshifts $1.5 < z < 3.0$ the quiescent fraction increases as a function of stellar mass. By $z=2$, only 3.3 Gyr after the Big Bang, the universe has quenched $\sim$25% of $M_\star = 10^{11}$M$_\odot$ galaxies and $\sim$45% of $M_\star = 10^{12}$M$_\odot$ galaxies. We discuss physical mechanisms across a range of epochs and environments that could explain our results. We compare our results with predictions from hydrodynamical simulations SIMBA and IllustrisTNG and semi-analytic models (SAMs) SAG, SAGE, and Galacticus. The quiescent fraction from IllustrisTNG is higher than our empirical result by a factor of $2-5$, while those from SIMBA and the three SAMs are lower by a factor of $1.5-10$ at $1.5<z<3.0$.

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