I present a new derivation of Hawking radiation by applying the Crooks fluctuation theorem to the laws of black hole thermodynamics. Then, by analogy with the quantum fluctuation theorem, this allows one to identify microstates contributing to the black hole entropy. These microstates have an evolution operator on the horizon between initial and final states that is related to the entropic gravity proposal. Their full calculation perhaps requires a deeper understanding of nonperturbative Hawking radiation.
To explore the mechanism for the entropic force proposal in Entropic Gravity, we propose a specific thermodynamic process for states thermalized in local Hawking Temperature. We find when Casini's version of the Bekenstein bound is saturated, the thermodynamic force derived in the entanglement first law matches the local inertial force for the Schwarzschild solution, except for a negligible statistics-dependent factor. We argue the gravity viewed by static observers may have observable effects emerged from quantum statistics. The successful detailed calculation in this simple model inspires an…
Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is a fundamental element in quantum mechanics. It sets a bound on our ability to predict the measurement outcomes of two incompatible observables simultaneously. In quantum information theory, the uncertainty principle can be expressed using entropic measures. The entropic uncertainty relation can be improved by considering an additional particle as a memory particle. The presence of quantum correlation between the memory particle and the measured particle reduces the uncertainty. In a curved space-time, the presence of the Hawking radiation can reduce quantu…
Locality plays a key role in the derivation of Hawking radiation. Could relaxing the locality criterion modify Hawking radiation? We consider Hawking radiation in a general class of non local quantum field theories. We prove that Hawking radiation is unmodified for these theories. Our result establishes the universality of Hawking radiation in a larger class of theories.
Hawking radiation is one of the cores in modern gratitational theory. Several articles have calculated the spectrum of Hawking radiation in Boltzmann-Gibbs statistical mechanics. However, based on recent researches, gravitational systems cannot be studied by the standard statistical mechanics. In this article, we calculate the modification to the spectrum of Hawking radiation in Tsallis statistical mechanics. We obtain the modified Stefan-Boltzmann's law and modified power of Hawking radiation. We confirm the conclusion proposed by Giddings, namely, the radiation should originate from the effe…
We study the time-dependence of Hawking radiation for a black hole in the Unruh vacuum, and find that it is not robust against certain UV and IR effects. If there is a UV cutoff at the Planck scale, Hawking radiation is turned off after the scrambling time. In the absence of a UV cutoff, Hawking radiation is sensitive to the IR cutoff through a UV/IR connection due to higher-derivative interactions in the effective theory. Furthermore, higher-derivative interactions with the background contribute to a large amplitude of particle creation that changes Hawking radiation. This unexpected large ef…
In this paper, we study the Hawking radiation of Dirac particles via tunneling formalism from linearly supertranslated Schwarzschild black hole. We find that the radiation spectrum and the Hawking temperature remain the same as the one without soft hair. We extend the same analysis to the linearly supertranslated Vaidya black hole and find that particles can not tunnel through the horizon from the inside. We further comment on the validity of tunneling formalism in the study of Hawking radiation of dynamical black hole.
In this review, we describe recent progress on the black hole information problem that involves a new understanding of how to calculate the entropy of Hawking radiation. We show how the method for computing gravitational fine-grained entropy, developed over the past 15 years, can be extended to capture the entropy of Hawking radiation. This technique reveals large corrections needed for the entropy to be consistent with unitary black hole evaporation.
In this paper we revisited Hawking radiation in the light of the original calculations of Hawking and Wald and found that some additional insights can be gained. We review a "derivation" of the field theory Hilbert space from the space of solutions, followed by the calculation of Bogoliubov coefficients in a collapsed spacetime from first principles. We show that these calculations can be generalized to the case of local Killing horizons and also to asymptotically non-flat spaces.
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the back reaction problem, between Hawking radiation and the black hole, in a simplified model for the black hole evaporation in the quantum geometrodynamics context. The idea is to transcribe the most important characteristics of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation into a Schrödinger's type of equation. Subsequently, we consider Hawking radiation and black hole quantum states evolution under the influence of a potential that includes back reaction. Finally, entropy is estimated as a measure of the entanglement between the black hole and Hawking radiation states…
We derive the Hawking radiation spectrum of anyons, namely particles in (2+1)-dimension obeying fractional statistics, from a Bañados, Teitelboim, and Zanelli (BTZ) black hole, in the tunneling formalism. We examine ways of measuring the spectrum in experimentally realizable systems in the laboratory.
Hawking radiation from an evaporating black hole has often been compared to black body radiation. However, this comparison misses an important feature of Hawking radiation: Its low density of states. This can be captured in an easy to calculate, heuristic, and semi-analytic measure called "sparsity". In this letter we shall present both the concept of sparsities and its application to $D+1$-dimensional Tangherlini black holes and their evaporation. In particular, we shall also publish for the first time sparsity expressions taking into account in closed form effects of non-zero particle mass. …
There have been various interpretations of Hawking radiation proposed based on the perturbative approach, and all have confirmed Hawking's original finding. One major conceptual challenge of Hawking evaporation is the associated black hole information loss paradox, which remains unresolved. A key factor to the issue is the end-stage of the black hole evaporation. Unfortunately by then the evaporation process becomes non-perturbative. Aspired to provide a tool for the eventual solution to this problem, here we introduce a new interpretation of Hawking radiation as the tunneling of instantons. W…
A recently discovered classical-quantum correspondence (CQC) maps certain quantum problems to corresponding classical problems. We illustrate the CQC for a quantum scalar field in the gravitational background of a collapsing spherical shell. By truncating the problem to a small set of variables, we show how the CQC can yield Hawking radiation as well as the slow down of the collapse due to radiation backreaction.
By entangling soft massless particles one can create an arbitrarily large amount of entanglement entropy that carries an arbitrarily small amount of energy. Dropping this entropy into the black hole (b.h.) one can increase the b.h. entropy by an amount that violates Bekenstein bound or any other reasonable bound, leading to a version of b.h. information paradox that does not involve Hawking radiation. Among many proposed solutions of the standard b.h. information paradox with Hawking radiation, only a few can also resolve this version without the Hawking radiation. The assumption that both ver…
Hawking radiation of the blackhole is calculated based on the principle of local field theory. In our approach, the radiation is a unitary process, therefore no information loss will be recorded. In fact, observers in different regions of the space communicate using the Hawking radiation, when the systems in the different regions are entangled with each other. The entanglement entropy of the blackhole is also calculated in the local field theory. We found that the entanglement entropy of the systems separated by the blackhole horizon is closely connected to the Hawking radiation in our approac…
