重新获得FORS：使具有VLT + FORS2的系外行星的光学地基传输spectroscopy再次成为可能
Regaining the FORS: making optical ground-based transmission spectroscopy of exoplanets with VLT+FORS2 possible again
摘要：
透射光谱有助于探测系外行星大气中的分子和/或云。这些研究严重依赖于空间或大型地面观测站，因为需要进行时间分辨、高信噪比的光谱学。ESO甚大望远镜的FORS 2仪器是进行此类研究的明显选择，并且确实在2010年开创了该领域。然而，在此之后，它被证明遭受由纵向大气色散校正器（LADC）引起的系统误差。这一问题得到了成功解决，重新引起了人们对这一仪器的兴趣，这一点从提出的对系外行星进行透射光谱分析的建议的数量就可以看出。我们在这里提出的背景下，问题和我们如何解决它，以及最近获得的结果。最后，我们提供了一个最佳的策略，做透射光谱与FORS 2的提示，希望FORS 2可能会成为基于地面的系外行星透射光谱的首选仪器。
英文摘要：
Transmission spectroscopy facilitates the detection of molecules and/or clouds in the atmospheres of exoplanets. Such studies rely heavily on space-based or large ground-based observatories, as one needs to perform time- resolved, high signal-to-noise spectroscopy. The FORS2 instrument at ESO's Very Large Telescope is the obvious choice for performing such studies, and was indeed pioneering the field in 2010. After that, however, it was shown to suffer from systematic errors caused by the Longitudinal Atmospheric Dispersion Corrector (LADC). This was successfully addressed, leading to a renewed interest for this instrument as shown by the number of proposals submitted to perform transmission spectroscopy of exoplanets. We present here the context, the problem and how we solved it, as well as the recent results obtained. We finish by providing tips for an optimum strategy to do transmission spectroscopy with FORS2, in the hope that FORS2 may become the instrument of choice for ground-based transmission spectroscopy of exoplanets.
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