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arXiv 1606.07484astro-ph.GAgr-qc
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旋转星核中大质量黑洞双星的演化:对引力波探测的启示

Evolution Of Massive Black Hole Binaries In Rotating Stellar Nuclei: Implications For Gravitational Wave Detection

Alexander Rasskazov, David Merritt

摘要:

本文计算了星系核中双星超大质量黑洞产生的各向同性引力波背景。在我们的模型中,大质量双星在早期通过与附近恒星的引力弹弓相互作用而演化,在后期通过GWs的发射而演化。我们对“恒星”状态下双星硬化速率的表达式取自Vasiliev等人最近的工作,他们指出,在预计通过合并形成的非轴对称星系中,恒星以足够高的速率被供应到中心,以确保在Gyr时间尺度上的双星合并。我们还首次包括了与双星轨道平面演化相关的额外自由度;在旋转核中,与恒星的相互作用导致大质量双星的方向和偏心率同时改变,在某些情况下,在双星进入GW主导的区域之前,导致非常高的偏心率(e>0.9)。我们认为,以前的研究高估了SBH质量的平均比率星系核球质量的2 - 3倍。在频率制度目前可访问的脉冲星定时阵列(PTA),我们的假设意味着一个因素2 - 3减少的特征应变相比,在最近的研究中计算的值,消除了目前存在的模型预测和非检测GWs之间的紧张局势。

英文摘要:

We compute the isotropic gravitational wave (GW) background produced by binary supermassive black holes (SBHs) in galactic nuclei. In our model, massive binaries evolve at early times via gravitational-slingshot interaction with nearby stars, and at later times by the emission of GWs. Our expressions for the rate of binary hardening in the "stellar" regime are taken from the recent work of Vasiliev et al., who show that in the non-axisymmetric galaxies expected to form via mergers, stars are supplied to the center at high enough rates to ensure binary coalescence on Gyr timescales. We also include, for the first time, the extra degrees of freedom associated with evolution of the binary's orbital plane; in rotating nuclei, interaction with stars causes the orientation and the eccentricity of a massive binary to change in tandem, leading in some cases to very high eccentricities (e>0.9) before the binary enters the GW-dominated regime. We argue that previous studies have over-estimated the mean ratio of SBH mass to galaxy bulge mass by factors of 2 - 3. In the frequency regime currently accessible to pulsar timing arrays (PTAs), our assumptions imply a factor 2 - 3 reduction in the characteristic strain compared with the values computed in most recent studies, removing the tension that currently exists between model predictions and the non-detection of GWs.

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