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arXiv 1606.05024cond-mat.supr-concond-mat.str-el
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BCS以外超导体中的非线性光-Higgs耦合:延迟声子介导相互作用的效应

Nonlinear light-Higgs coupling in superconductors beyond BCS: Effects of the retarded phonon-mediated interaction

Naoto Tsuji, Yuta Murakami, Hideo Aoki

摘要:

考虑声子介导的吸引相互作用中的延迟效应,研究了Higgs振幅模对BCS近似下超导体非线性光学响应的贡献.为了计算包含集体模效应的非线性光学系统中的顶点修正,我们提出了一种基于非平衡动力学平均场论(非平衡DMFT)的“dotted DMFT”方案,以克服求解Bethe-Salpeter方程和解析延拓的困难.顶点校正由自能相对于外部驱动场的导数表示,其由微分(“虚线”)DMFT方程自洽地确定。我们应用该方法的荷斯坦模型,一个典型的电子-声子耦合系统,计算的三次谐波产生包括顶点校正的磁化率。结果表明,与BCS理论相反,Higgs模对激光场广义偏振的三次谐波产生的贡献与电子对破裂或电荷密度涨落的贡献在数量级上相当.其物理根源可以追溯到非线性共振光-希格斯耦合,这在BCS近似中是不存在的。

英文摘要:

We study the contribution of the Higgs amplitude mode on the nonlinear optical response of superconductors beyond the BCS approximation by taking into account the retardation effect in the phonon-mediated attractive interaction. To evaluate the vertex correction in nonlinear optical susceptibilities that contains the effect of collective modes, we propose an efficient scheme which we call the "dotted DMFT" based on the nonequilibrium dynamical mean-field theory (nonequilibrium DMFT) to go around the difficulty of solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation and analytical continuation. The vertex correction is represented by the derivative of the self-energy with respect to the external driving field, which is self-consistently determined by the differentiated ("dotted") DMFT equations. We apply the method to the Holstein model, a prototypical electron-phonon-coupled system, to calculate the susceptibility for the third-harmonic generation including the vertex correction. The results show that, in sharp contrast to the BCS theory, the Higgs mode can contribute to the third-harmonic generation for general polarization of the laser field with an order of magnitude comparable to the contribution from the pair breaking or charge density fluctuations. The physical origin is traced back to the nonlinear resonant light-Higgs coupling, which has been absent in the BCS approximation.

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