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arXiv 1605.04090hep-lathep-phnucl-th
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用晶格模拟研究稠密双色QCD的phase diagram

Study of the phase diagram of dense two-color QCD within lattice simulation

V. V. Braguta, E. -M. Ilgenfritz, A. Yu. Kotov, A. V. Molochkov, A. A. Nikolaev

备注：
12 pages, 12 figures
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. D 94, 114510 (2016)
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摘要：

本文对含有$N_f=2$夸克的稠密双色QCD相图进行了低温扫描。研究是用格子模拟与根交错夸克。在小化学势时，我们观察到强子相，此时理论处于束缚态，手征对称性破缺，重子密度为零，不存在双夸克凝聚。在临界点$μ= m_π/2$，我们观察到了预期的标量双夸克到玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的二级跃迁。在这个阶段，系统仍然处于非零重子密度的禁闭中，但在手征极限下恢复了手征对称性。我们还发现，在前两个阶段的系统很好地描述了手征微扰理论。对于较大的化学势值，系统变成另一个相，其中相关的自由度是费米球内的费米子，双夸克凝聚发生在费米表面上。在这个阶段，系统仍然处于禁闭状态，手征对称性恢复，系统非常类似于SU（$N_c$）理论预测的夸克态$N_c$。

英文摘要：

In this paper we carry out a low-temperature scan of the phase diagram of dense two-color QCD with $N_f=2$ quarks. The study is conducted using lattice simulation with rooted staggered quarks. At small chemical potential we observe the hadronic phase, where the theory is in a confining state, chiral symmetry is broken, the baryon density is zero and there is no diquark condensate. At the critical point $μ= m_π/2$ we observe the expected second order transition to Bose-Einstein condensation of scalar diquarks. In this phase the system is still in confinement in conjunction with non-zero baryon density, but the chiral symmetry is restored in the chiral limit. We have also found that in the first two phases the system is well described by chiral perturbation theory. For larger values of the chemical potential the system turns into another phase, where the relevant degrees of freedom are fermions residing inside the Fermi sphere, and the diquark condensation takes place on the Fermi surface. In this phase the system is still in confinement, chiral symmetry is restored and the system is very similar to the quarkyonic state predicted by SU($N_c$) theory at large $N_c$.

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