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arXiv 1605.02467astro-ph.HE
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AGN Markarian 3中环面的性质:X射线研究

The nature of the torus in the heavily obscured AGN Markarian 3: an X-ray study

M. Guainazzi, G. Risaliti, H. Awaki, P. Arevalo, F. E. Bauer, S. Bianchi, S. E. Boggs, W. N. Brandt, M. Brightman, F. E. Christensen, W. W. Craig, K. Forster, C… 展开作者

M. Guainazzi, G. Risaliti, H. Awaki, P. Arevalo, F. E. Bauer, S. Bianchi, S. E. Boggs, W. N. Brandt, M. Brightman, F. E. Christensen, W. W. Craig, K. Forster, C. J. Hailey, F. Harrison, M. Koss, A. Longinotti, C. Markwardt, A. Marinucci, G. Matt, C. S. Reynolds, C. Ricci, D. Stern, J. Svoboda, D. Walton, W. Zhang

摘要:

在本文中,我们报告了2014年秋季至2015年春季期间使用NuSTAR,Suzaku和XMM-Newton对严重模糊的Seyfert星系Markarian 3进行的X射线监测活动的结果。马卡良3号的硬X射线光谱在我们探测的所有时间尺度上都是可变的,最短可达几天。观察到的连续谱的变化是由于在通过大的但仍然是康普顿薄的柱密度(N_H~0.8-1.1 $\times$ 10 $^{24}$ cm $^{-2}$)的透射中看到的固有可变的主连续谱。如果安排在一个球形-环形几何形状,康普顿散射物质有一个开放的角度约66度,并通过其上缘(倾角约70度)的掠射角看到。我们报告了2014年活动期间可能发生的掩星事件。如果环面是由一个具有相同云柱密度的云系统组成的,那么这个事件允许我们限制它们的数量(17 $\pm$ 5)和单个云柱密度[~(4.9 $\pm$ 1.5)$\times$ 10 $^{22}$ cm $^{-2}$ ]。IR和X射线光谱结果与最先进的“环面”模型的比较表明,至少三分之二的X射线遮蔽气体体积可能位于尘埃升华半径内。我们还报告发现的离子化的吸收剂,其特征在于可变的共振吸收线,由于他和H-类铁。这一发现支持了这样一种观点,即中等柱密度的吸收体可能是由于在环面外表面蒸发的云,可能是由于中心活动星系核发射通过片状吸收体泄漏而产生的辐射压力加速的。

英文摘要:

In this paper we report the results of an X-ray monitoring campaign on the heavily obscured Seyfert galaxy Markarian 3 carried out between the fall of 2014 and the spring of 2015 with NuSTAR, Suzaku and XMM-Newton. The hard X-ray spectrum of Markarian 3 is variable on all the time scales probed by our campaign, down to a few days. The observed continuum variability is due to an intrinsically variable primary continuum seen in transmission through a large, but still Compton-thin column density (N_H~0.8-1.1$\times$10$^{24}$ cm$^{-2}$). If arranged in a spherical-toroidal geometry, the Compton scattering matter has an opening angle ~66 degrees and is seen at a grazing angle through its upper rim (inclination angle ~70 degrees). We report a possible occultation event during the 2014 campaign. If the torus is constituted by a system of clouds sharing the same column density, this event allows us to constrain their number (17$\pm$5) and individual column density, [~(4.9$\pm$1.5)$\times$10$^{22}$ cm$^{-2}$]. The comparison of IR and X-ray spectroscopic results with state-of-the art "torus" models suggests that at least two thirds of the X-ray obscuring gas volume might be located within the dust sublimation radius. We report also the discovery of an ionized absorber, characterised by variable resonant absorption lines due to He- and H-like iron. This discovery lends support to the idea that moderate column density absorbers could be due to clouds evaporated at the outer surface of the torus, possibly accelerated by the radiation pressure due to the central AGN emission leaking through the patchy absorber.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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