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arXiv 1402.2666astro-ph.HEastro-ph.GA
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z ~ 0.5重遮蔽类星体的NuSTAR观测

NuSTAR Observations of Heavily Obscured Quasars at z ~ 0.5

G. B. Lansbury, D. M. Alexander, A. Del Moro, P. Gandhi, R. J. Assef, D. Stern, J. Aird, D. R. Ballantyne, M. Balokovic, F. E. Bauer, S. E. Boggs, W. N. Brandt,… 展开作者

G. B. Lansbury, D. M. Alexander, A. Del Moro, P. Gandhi, R. J. Assef, D. Stern, J. Aird, D. R. Ballantyne, M. Balokovic, F. E. Bauer, S. E. Boggs, W. N. Brandt, F. E. Christensen, W. W. Craig, M. Elvis, B. W. Grefenstette, C. J. Hailey, F. A. Harrison, R. C. Hickox, M. Koss, S. M. LaMassa, B. Luo, J. R. Mullaney, S. H. Teng, C. M. Urry, W. W. Zhang

摘要:

我们提出了NuSTAR硬X射线(3-79 keV)观测的三个2型类星体在z ~ 0.4-0.5,光学选择从斯隆数字巡天(SDSS)。虽然根据2-10 keV与[OIII]的光度比和多波长诊断,类星体显示出严重模糊的康普顿厚系统的证据,但它们的X射线吸收柱密度(N_H)却知之甚少。在本分析中:(1)研究了中心黑洞的X射线相对不被吸收的10 keV以上的X射线辐射,以便更好地约束N_H;(2)通过近紫外到中红外的宽波段光谱能量分布(SED)分析,进一步表征了源的物理性质。其中一个类星体被NuSTAR探测到,能量大于8 keV,无源概率小于0.1%,其X射线波段比表明其具有接近康普顿厚度的吸收,N_H \gtrsim为5 x 10^23 cm^-2。另外两个类星体未被探测到,在低能(2-10 keV)和高能(10-40 keV)X射线区域都具有低的X射线与中红外光度比,这与极端的康普顿厚度吸收(N_H \gtrsim 10 ^24 cm^-2)一致。我们发现,对于z ~ 0.5的类星体,NuSTAR提供了一个显着的改善相比,较低的能量(<10 keV)的钱德拉和XMM-牛顿观测单独,更高的列密度现在可以直接约束。

英文摘要:

We present NuSTAR hard X-ray (3-79 keV) observations of three Type 2 quasars at z ~ 0.4-0.5, optically selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Although the quasars show evidence for being heavily obscured Compton-thick systems on the basis of the 2-10 keV to [OIII] luminosity ratio and multiwavelength diagnostics, their X-ray absorbing column densities (N_H) are poorly known. In this analysis: (1) we study X-ray emission at >10 keV, where X-rays from the central black hole are relatively unabsorbed, in order to better constrain N_H; (2) we further characterize the physical properties of the sources through broad-band near-UV to mid-IR spectral energy distribution (SED) analyses. One of the quasars is detected with NuSTAR at >8 keV with a no-source probability of <0.1%, and its X-ray band ratio suggests near Compton-thick absorption with N_H \gtrsim 5 x 10^23 cm^-2. The other two quasars are undetected, and have low X-ray to mid-IR luminosity ratios in both the low energy (2-10 keV) and high energy (10-40 keV) X-ray regimes that are consistent with extreme, Compton-thick absorption (N_H \gtrsim 10^24 cm^-2). We find that for quasars at z ~ 0.5, NuSTAR provides a significant improvement compared to lower energy (<10 keV) Chandra and XMM-Newton observations alone, as higher column densities can now be directly constrained.

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