Markarian 3的X射线变异历史
The X-ray variability history of Markarian 3
摘要：
我们的目标是约束的几何形状的再处理物质在附近的原型塞弗特2星系Markarian 3通过研究与主要AGN发射和其康普顿散射的光谱分量的时间演化。我们分析了过去12年来XMM-牛顿、朱雀和斯威夫特天文台对马卡良3号的光谱观测档案，以及我们在2012年启动的监测活动期间采集的数据。康普顿反射分量变化的时间尺度（最初由ASCA在90年代中期发现）约为64天。这一上限提高了超过15倍以前的康普顿反射可变性时间尺度的估计，这个来源。当4-5 keV波段的康普顿反射连续谱的光变曲线与15-150 keV的Swift/BAT曲线相关时，发现了约1200天的延迟。互相关结果取决于用于拟合光谱的模型，尽管康普顿反射分量变化的检测与用于拟合数据的模型的范围无关。对马卡良3号的钱德拉存档图像的重新分析表明，康普顿反射和Fe K-α发射区向北延伸到约300 pc。这些发现的组合表明，Markarian 3中的光学厚度洗消机是cluerosis。有越来越多的实验证据表明，在附近严重遮蔽的活动星系核的核环境中，光学厚的气体和尘埃的结构是扩展和复杂的。我们讨论可能的修改标准统一的情况下，包括这种复杂性。Markarian 3在不同的空间尺度上表现出X射线吸收和再处理，是测试这些模型的理想实验室。
英文摘要：
We aim at constraining the geometry of the reprocessing matter in the nearby prototypical Seyfert 2 Galaxy Markarian 3 by studying the time evolution of spectral components associated to the primary AGN emission and to its Compton-scattering. We have analyzed archival spectroscopic observations of Markarian 3 taken over the last 12 years with the XMM-Newton, Suzaku and Swift observatories, as well as data taken during a monitoring campaign activated by us in 2012. The timescale of the Compton-reflection component variability (originally discovered by ASCA in the mid-'90s) is ~64 days. This upper limit improves by more than a factor of 15 previous estimates of the Compton-reflection variability timescale for this source. When the light curve of the Compton-reflection continuum in the 4-5 keV band is correlated with the 15-150 keV Swift/BAT curve a delay ~1200 days is found. The cross-correlation results are dependent on the model used to fit the spectra, although the detection of the Compton-reflection component variability is independent of the range of models employed to fit the data. Reanalysis of an archival Chandra image of Markarian 3 indicates that the Compton-reflection and the Fe K-alpha emitting regions are extended to the North up to ~300 pc. The combination of these findings suggests that the optically-thick reprocessor in Markarian 3 is clumpy. There is mounting experimental evidence for the structure of the optically-thick gas and dust in the nuclear environment of nearby heavily obscured AGN to be extended and complex. We discuss possible modifications to the standard unification scenarios encompassing this complexity. Markarian 3, exhibiting X-ray absorption and reprocessing on widely different spatial scales, is an ideal laboratory to test these models (abridged).
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
