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arXiv 1604.05720astro-ph.GA
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冷气体发射与吸收的首次联系:星系-类星体对的CO发射

First Connection between Cold Gas in Emission and Absorption: CO Emission from a Galaxy-Quasar Pair

M. Neeleman, J. X. Prochaska, M. A. Zwaan, N. Kanekar, L. Christensen, M. Dessauges-Zavadsky, J. P. U. Fynbo, E. van Kampen, P. Møller, T. Zafar

摘要:

我们提出了第一次检测分子发射从一个星系选择附近的投影背景类星体使用阿塔卡马大型毫米/亚毫米阵列(ALMA)。ALMA检测到$z=0.101$星系向类星体PKS 0439-433发射的CO(1 $-$ 0)与其星盘重合,并产生分子气体质量为$M_{\rm mol} \approx 4.2 \times 10^9 M_\odot$(银河系CO到H的$_2$转换因子),大于其原子气体质量的上限。我们解决的CO速度场,获得$134 \pm 11$公里的$^{-1}$的旋转速度,和由此产生的动力学质量的$\geq 4 \times 10^{10} M_\odot$。尽管它的高金属丰度和大分子质量,$z=0.101$星系有一个低的恒星形成率,这意味着一个大的气体消耗的时间尺度,大于典型的晚型星系。因此,大多数分子气体可能处于扩散扩展阶段,而不是密集的分子云。通过结合发射和吸收的研究结果,我们发现,最强的分子吸收成分对类星体不能产生的分子盘,但很可能产生于星系的环星系介质中的扩散气体。我们的研究结果强调了结合分子和恒星发射线的研究与光学吸收线的研究,以实现一个更完整的图片内和周围的高红移星系的气体的潜力。

英文摘要:

We present the first detection of molecular emission from a galaxy selected to be near a projected background quasar using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The ALMA detection of CO(1$-$0) emission from the $z=0.101$ galaxy toward quasar PKS 0439-433 is coincident with its stellar disk and yields a molecular gas mass of $M_{\rm mol} \approx 4.2 \times 10^9 M_\odot$ (for a Galactic CO-to-H$_2$ conversion factor), larger than the upper limit on its atomic gas mass. We resolve the CO velocity field, obtaining a rotational velocity of $134 \pm 11$ km s$^{-1}$, and a resultant dynamical mass of $\geq 4 \times 10^{10} M_\odot$. Despite its high metallicity and large molecular mass, the $z=0.101$ galaxy has a low star formation rate, implying a large gas consumption timescale, larger than that typical of late-type galaxies. Most of the molecular gas is hence likely to be in a diffuse extended phase, rather than in dense molecular clouds. By combining the results of emission and absorption studies, we find that the strongest molecular absorption component toward the quasar cannot arise from the molecular disk, but is likely to arise from diffuse gas in the galaxy's circumgalactic medium. Our results emphasize the potential of combining molecular and stellar emission line studies with optical absorption line studies to achieve a more complete picture of the gas within and surrounding high-redshift galaxies.

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