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arXiv 1604.01481quant-phphysics.hist-phphysics.optics
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哪条路?

Which Way?

Hu Zhan

摘要:

本文报道了在杨氏双缝实验的基础上进行的一个单向实验的结果。它揭示了哪些狭缝光子通过,同时保留了所有收集到的光子的(自)干涉。这个想法是用一个窄孔径的透镜对狭缝成像,然后扫描干涉条纹所在的区域。孔径足够宽以分离图像中的狭缝,即,告诉我是哪条路。光瞳上的照明图案从一系列狭缝强度重建。实验结果与双缝干涉图样吻合较好。因此,光子的类波和类粒子行为可以同时以一种简单明确的方式观察到。其影响是深远的。首先,它迫切要求对量子物体进行统一的波粒描述,至少在理论上是如此,因为我们不能再以两种行为不能同时表现为基础而忽视这一挑战。一个大胆的建议是放弃粒子的概念。那么,海森伯的不确定原理就纯粹是波的一个推论,而不是粒子的。

英文摘要:

I report the result of a which-way experiment based on Young's double-slit experiment. It reveals which slit photons go through while retaining the (self) interference of all the photons collected. The idea is to image the slits using a lens with a narrow aperture and scan across the area where the interference fringes would be. The aperture is wide enough to separate the slits in the images, i.e., telling which way. The illumination pattern over the pupil is reconstructed from the series of slit intensities. The result matches the double-slit interference pattern well. As such, the photon's wave-like and particle-like behaviors are observed simultaneously in a straightforward and thus unambiguous way. The implication is far reaching. For one, it presses hard, at least philosophically, for a consolidated wave-and-particle description of quantum objects, because we can no longer dismiss such a challenge on the basis that the two behaviors do not manifest at the same time. A bold proposal is to forgo the concept of particles. Then, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle would be purely a consequence of waves without being ordained upon particles.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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